Karbalaeifar Ronak, Kazempour-Ardebili Sara, Amiri Parisa, Ghannadi Shima, Tahmasebinejad Zhale, Amouzegar Atieh
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Diabetol. 2016 Dec;53(6):1015-1023. doi: 10.1007/s00592-016-0905-6. Epub 2016 Sep 13.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common disease imposing a great economic burden to health systems. As the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iran has grown over the past decades, it has become necessary to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of type 2 diabetic patients in our country for policy planning to increase the patients' awareness of diabetes and its complications and, in the long run, decrease costs of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of patients with diabetes and its relationship with self-managing of disease and quality of life.
This study was conducted with the aim of assessing the knowledge, attitude, self-reported practice, self-care and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients attending diabetes clinic of Torfeh academic hospital in Tehran, Iran, during April to June 2014. The study population comprised of 120 type 2 diabetic patients aged above 30 years receiving anti-diabetic medications visiting Torfeh's outpatient diabetes clinic for follow-up care. Face-to-face interviews were carried out to fill five questionnaires evaluating patients' knowledge, attitude, practice, self-care and HRQoL. Demographic characteristics were recorded at the beginning of the study. Laboratory data were extracted from patients' most recent medical documents. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21.
120 type 2 diabetic patients (86 female and 34 male patients) with mean age of 55.98 ± 9.50 years were evaluated. The mean score of knowledge, attitude, practice, self-care and HRQoL was 67.99 ± 10.38, 73.43 ± 11.84, 64.69 ± 16.63, 58.22 ± 12.24 and -1.13 ± 0.6, respectively. There was a significant negative relationship between HbA1c and patients' practice. We did not find any correlation between patients' knowledge, attitude or practice and their HRQoL. There was a significant direct relationship between patients' knowledge with their attitude and practice.
This study observed a good level of knowledge, attitude and practice but a low level of self-care and HRQoL among patients. As knowledge and attitude have a direct relationship with practice and the number of people with diabetes continues to rise, we can help patients improve practice and decrease the burden of diabetes complications and their related expenditures by increasing their knowledge.
2型糖尿病是一种常见疾病，给卫生系统带来了巨大的经济负担。在过去几十年中，伊朗2型糖尿病的患病率不断上升，因此有必要评估我国2型糖尿病患者的知识、态度和行为水平，以便制定政策规划，提高患者对糖尿病及其并发症的认识，并从长远来看降低治疗成本。本研究的目的是评估糖尿病患者的知识、态度和行为水平及其与疾病自我管理和生活质量的关系。
本研究旨在评估2014年4月至6月期间在伊朗德黑兰托尔费学术医院糖尿病门诊就诊的患者的知识、态度、自我报告的行为、自我护理和健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。研究人群包括120名年龄在30岁以上、正在接受抗糖尿病药物治疗、前往托尔费门诊糖尿病诊所进行随访护理的2型糖尿病患者。通过面对面访谈填写五份问卷，以评估患者的知识、态度、行为、自我护理和HRQoL。在研究开始时记录人口统计学特征。从患者最近的医疗文件中提取实验室数据。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）21版进行数据分析。
对120名2型糖尿病患者（86名女性和34名男性患者）进行了评估，平均年龄为55.98±9.50岁。知识、态度、行为、自我护理和HRQoL的平均得分分别为67.99±10.38、73.43±11.84、64.69±16.63、58.22±12.24和-1.13±0.6。糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）与患者的行为之间存在显著的负相关关系。我们未发现患者的知识、态度或行为与其HRQoL之间存在任何相关性。患者的知识与其态度和行为之间存在显著的正相关关系。
本研究观察到患者的知识、态度和行为水平良好，但自我护理和HRQoL水平较低。由于知识和态度与行为直接相关，且糖尿病患者人数持续增加，我们可以通过增加患者的知识来帮助他们改善行为，减轻糖尿病并发症及其相关支出的负担。
