Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Care Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Karolinska Institutet/University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sex Reprod Healthc. 2016 Oct;9:7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.srhc.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 May 11.
This study aims to describe the prevalence of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse and analyze associations with symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress (PTS) in pregnancy, by ethnic background.
This is a cross-sectional study of the Swedish data from the Bidens cohort study. Ethnicity was categorized as native and non-native Swedish-speakers. Women completed a questionnaire while attending routine antenatal care. The NorVold Abuse Questionnaire (NorAQ) assessed a history of emotional, physical or sexual abuse. The Edinburgh Depression Scale-5 measured symptoms of depression. Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress (PTS) included intrusion, avoidance and numbness.
Of 1003 women, 78.6% were native and 21.4% were non-native Swedish-speakers. Native and non-native Swedish-speakers experienced a similar proportion of lifetime abuse. Moderate emotional and physical abuse in childhood was significantly more common among non-native Swedish-speakers. Sexual abuse in adulthood was significantly more prevalent among native Swedish-speakers. Emotional and sexual abuse were significantly associated with symptoms of depression for both natives and non-natives. Physical abuse was significantly associated with symptoms of depression for non-natives only. All types of abuse were significantly associated with symptoms of PTS for both native and non-native Swedish-speakers. Adding ethnicity to the multiple binary regression analyses did not really alter the association between the different types of abuse and symptoms of depression and PTS.
The prevalence of lifetime abuse did not differ significantly for native and non-native Swedish-speakers but there were significant differences on a more detailed level. Abuse was associated with symptoms of depression and PTS. Being a non-native Swedish-speaker did not influence the association much.
本研究旨在描述孕期情感、身体和性虐待的流行情况，并按族裔背景分析其与抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTS）症状的关联。
这是一项对瑞典 Bidens 队列研究的横断面研究。种族分为本土和非本土瑞典语使用者。女性在常规产前护理时完成一份问卷。Norvold 虐待问卷（NorAQ）评估了情感、身体或性虐待的历史。爱丁堡抑郁量表-5 测量了抑郁症状。创伤后应激症状（PTS）包括闯入、回避和麻木。
在 1003 名女性中，78.6%为本土瑞典语使用者，21.4%为非本土瑞典语使用者。本土和非本土瑞典语使用者经历过相似比例的终生虐待。童年时期中度情感和身体虐待在非本土瑞典语使用者中更为常见。成年时的性虐待在本土瑞典语使用者中更为普遍。情感和性虐待与本土和非本土瑞典语使用者的抑郁症状显著相关。身体虐待仅与非本土瑞典语使用者的抑郁症状显著相关。所有类型的虐待都与本土和非本土瑞典语使用者的 PTS 症状显著相关。将种族纳入多项二元回归分析并没有真正改变不同类型的虐待与抑郁和 PTS 症状之间的关联。
本土和非本土瑞典语使用者的终生虐待发生率无显著差异，但在更详细的层面上存在显著差异。虐待与抑郁和 PTS 症状相关。非本土瑞典语使用者的身份对关联影响不大。
