Chen Hongsheng, Zhu Zhenjun, Sun Dongqi, Wang Xingping
Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Inquiry. 2016 Sep 16;53. doi: 10.1177/0046958016668065. Print 2016.
This study analyzed the health of migrants in 4 types of neighborhood in the city of Guangzhou in China. The research shows that the health of internal migrants in urban villages and private housing neighborhoods is much better than those living in older inner city neighborhoods (which are known as jiefang shequ) and unit neighborhoods (which are known as danwei). The reasons behind this are the facts that the migrants in urban villages tend to be relatively young and there tend to be better social and economic conditions in the private housing neighborhood. Moreover, among the 4 kinds of neighborhood, the gap between psychological health and physical health is the largest in urban villages. In addition, migrants who are younger, have better working conditions, and have higher levels of education have better health scores, and they tend to have more friends in the city, larger houses, better insurance, and more satisfaction with their neighborhood relationships, and they tend to be better adapted to urban life. As for the determinants of health, individual characteristics, community factors, and insurance are the most important factors. Specifically, individual age and age of housing have negative influences on physical health while insurance has a positive effect. This study shows that the type of neighborhood that migrants live in has a great impact on their psychological health, which can be improved by promoting neighborhood environments. Last, we propose that it is necessary to implement different strategies in different communities.
本研究分析了中国广州市4种类型社区中流动人口的健康状况。研究表明，城中村和私房社区内的流动人口健康状况比居住在老城区社区（即解放社区）和单位社区（即单位大院）的流动人口要好得多。其背后的原因是，城中村的流动人口往往相对年轻，且私房社区往往具有更好的社会经济条件。此外，在这4种社区类型中，城中村中心理健康与身体健康之间的差距最大。另外，年龄较小、工作条件较好且教育水平较高的流动人口健康得分更高，他们在城市中往往有更多朋友、住房更大、保险更好，对邻里关系更满意，并且往往更能适应城市生活。至于健康的决定因素，个人特征、社区因素和保险是最重要的因素。具体而言，个人年龄和住房年代对身体健康有负面影响，而保险则有积极影响。本研究表明，流动人口居住的社区类型对其心理健康有很大影响，可通过改善社区环境来加以改善。最后，我们建议有必要在不同社区实施不同策略。
