Walter Jasmin, Seeh Christoph, Fey Kerstin, Bleul Ulrich, Osterrieder Nikolaus
Dr. Jasmin Walter, Klinik für Reproduktionsmedizin, Vetsuisse-Fakultät der Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zürich, Schweiz, E-Mail:
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 2016 Oct 12;44(5):313-317. doi: 10.15653/TPG-150451. Epub 2016 Sep 21.
Equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM) is a severe manifestation of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection. Prevention and treatment of EHM during EHV-1 outbreaks is critical, but no reliable and tested specific medication is available. Due to the thromboischemic nature of EHM and due to the fact that EHV-1 entry in cells is blocked by heparin, it was hypothesized that this compound may be useful in reduction of EHM incidence and severity. Therefore, during an acute EHV-1 outbreak with the neuropathogenic G/D Pol variant, metaphylactic treatment with heparin to prevent EHM was initiated. Clinical signs were present in 61 horses (fever n = 55; EHM n = 8; abortion n = 6). Heparin (25000 IU subcutaneously twice daily for 3 days) was given to 31 febrile horses from day 10 of the outbreak, while the first 30 horses exhibiting fever remained untreated. Treatment outcome was analyzed retrospectively. Heparin-treated horses showed a lower EHM incidence (1/31; 3.2%) than untreated horses (7/30; 23.3%; p = 0.03). Results indicate that heparin may be useful for prevention of EHM during an EHV-1 outbreak. These promising data highlight the need for randomized and possibly blinded studies for the use of heparin in EHV-1 outbreaks.
马疱疹病毒性脑脊髓炎（EHM）是马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）感染的一种严重表现形式。在EHV-1疫情期间预防和治疗EHM至关重要，但目前尚无可靠且经过验证的特效药物。鉴于EHM的血栓缺血性质以及肝素可阻断EHV-1进入细胞这一事实，推测该化合物可能有助于降低EHM的发病率和严重程度。因此，在一次由神经致病性G/D Pol变异株引发的急性EHV-1疫情期间，启动了用肝素进行预防性治疗以预防EHM。61匹马出现了临床症状（发热n = 55；EHM n = 8；流产n = 6）。从疫情爆发第10天起，给31匹发热马皮下注射肝素（25000 IU，每日两次，共3天），而最初出现发热的30匹马未接受治疗。对治疗结果进行了回顾性分析。接受肝素治疗的马的EHM发病率（1/31；3.2%）低于未治疗的马（7/30；23.3%；p = 0.03）。结果表明，肝素在EHV-1疫情期间可能有助于预防EHM。这些有前景的数据凸显了在EHV-1疫情中使用肝素进行随机且可能设盲研究的必要性。
