用于囊性纤维化的肺炎球菌疫苗。
Pneumococcal vaccines for cystic fibrosis.
作者信息
Burgess Laura, Southern Kevin W
机构信息
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Eaton Road, Liverpool, UK, L12 2AP.
出版信息
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Sep 22;9(9):CD008865. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008865.pub4.
BACKGROUND
Invasive pneumococcal disease is associated with significant mortality and many countries have introduced routine pneumococcal vaccination into their childhood immunisation programmes. Whilst pneumococcal disease in cystic fibrosis is uncommon, pneumococcal immunisation may offer some protection against pulmonary exacerbations caused by this pathogen. In the USA and UK pneumococcal vaccination is currently recommended for all children and adults with cystic fibrosis. This is an update of a previously published review.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the efficacy of pneumococcal vaccines in reducing morbidity in people with cystic fibrosis.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, which comprises references identified from comprehensive electronic database searches and handsearches of relevant journals and abstract books of conference proceedings. In addition, the pharmaceutical manufacturers of the polysaccharide and conjugate pneumococcal vaccines were approached.Date of the most recent search: 27 June 2016.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing pneumococcal vaccination (with either a polysaccharide or conjugate pneumococcal vaccine) with non-vaccination or placebo in children or adults with cystic fibrosis were eligible for inclusion.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
No relevant trials were identified.
MAIN RESULTS
There are no trials included in this review.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: As no trials were identified we cannot draw conclusions on the efficacy of routine pneumococcal immunisation in people with cystic fibrosis in reducing their morbidity or mortality. As many countries now include pneumococcal immunisation in their routine childhood vaccination schedule it is unlikely that future randomised controlled trials will be initiated. Rigorously conducted epidemiological studies may offer the opportunity to evaluate the efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in reducing morbidity and mortality in people with cystic fibrosis.
背景
侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病与显著的死亡率相关，许多国家已将常规肺炎球菌疫苗接种纳入其儿童免疫规划。虽然囊性纤维化患者中的肺炎球菌疾病并不常见，但肺炎球菌疫苗接种可能为预防该病原体引起的肺部病情加重提供一定保护。在美国和英国，目前建议所有囊性纤维化儿童和成人接种肺炎球菌疫苗。这是对先前发表综述的更新。
目的
评估肺炎球菌疫苗在降低囊性纤维化患者发病率方面的疗效。
检索方法
我们检索了Cochrane囊性纤维化和遗传疾病小组的囊性纤维化试验注册库，该注册库包含通过全面电子数据库检索以及对相关期刊和会议论文摘要集进行手工检索所确定的参考文献。此外，还联系了多糖和结合型肺炎球菌疫苗的制药厂商。最近一次检索日期：2016年6月27日。
入选标准
比较肺炎球菌疫苗接种（使用多糖或结合型肺炎球菌疫苗）与未接种疫苗或安慰剂对囊性纤维化儿童或成人影响的随机和半随机对照试验符合纳入标准。
数据收集与分析
未识别出相关试验。
主要结果
本综述未纳入任何试验。
作者结论
由于未识别出试验，我们无法就常规肺炎球菌疫苗接种对囊性纤维化患者降低发病率或死亡率的疗效得出结论。由于许多国家现在已将肺炎球菌疫苗接种纳入其常规儿童疫苗接种计划，未来开展随机对照试验的可能性不大。严格开展的流行病学研究可能提供机会来评估肺炎球菌疫苗接种在降低囊性纤维化患者发病率和死亡率方面的疗效。
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