Xu Jing, Saether Lucie, Sommerville Jessica A
Department of Psychology, University of Washington.
Dev Psychol. 2016 Nov;52(11):1732-1743. doi: 10.1037/dev0000174. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Given the centrality of prosociality in everyday social functioning, understanding the factors and mechanisms underlying the origins of prosocial development is of critical importance. This experiment investigated whether experience with reciprocal object exchanges can drive the developmental onset of sharing behavior. Seven-month-old infants took part in 2 laboratory visits to assess their sharing behavior and ability to release objects. During the intervening 7- to 14-day period parents led infants in an intervention in which they were either encouraged to release objects into a container (bucket condition, n = 20), or share objects with the parent in the context of reciprocal object exchanges (sharing condition, n = 20). Results showed that infants in the sharing condition shared significantly more than infants in the bucket condition following the intervention, and infants in the sharing condition significantly increased their sharing behavior across the 2 visits. Parental empathy moderated the effect of this sharing intervention, but frequency of practice did not. These results suggest that reciprocal turn-taking in dyadic object-exchange interactions may facilitate the early emergence of sharing behavior, and this effect is mediated by parental empathy. (PsycINFO Database Record
鉴于亲社会行为在日常社会功能中的核心地位，了解亲社会发展起源背后的因素和机制至关重要。本实验研究了互惠物品交换体验是否能推动分享行为的发展起始。7个月大的婴儿参加了两次实验室访问，以评估他们的分享行为和释放物品的能力。在中间的7至14天期间，父母引导婴儿进行干预，其中他们要么被鼓励将物品放入容器中（水桶条件，n = 20），要么在互惠物品交换的背景下与父母分享物品（分享条件，n = 20）。结果显示，干预后，分享条件下的婴儿比水桶条件下的婴儿分享得显著更多，并且分享条件下的婴儿在两次访问中显著增加了他们的分享行为。父母的同理心调节了这种分享干预的效果，但练习频率没有。这些结果表明，二元物品交换互动中的互惠轮流可能促进分享行为的早期出现，并且这种效果由父母的同理心介导。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
