Bernardes Nadja K, Peterson John P S, Sarthour Roberto S, Souza Alexandre M, Monken C H, Roditi Itzhak, Oliveira Ivan S, Santos Marcelo F
Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 702, Belo Horizonte, 30161-970, Brazil.
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, Rio de Janeiro, 22290-180, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 27;6:33945. doi: 10.1038/srep33945.
Memoryless time evolutions are ubiquitous in nature but often correspond to a resolution-induced approximation, i.e. there are correlations in time whose effects are undetectable. Recent advances in the dynamical control of small quantum systems provide the ideal scenario to probe some of these effects. Here we experimentally demonstrate the precise induction of memory effects on the evolution of a quantum coin (qubit) by correlations engineered in its environment. In particular, we design a collisional model in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and precisely control the strength of the effects by changing the degree of correlation in the environment and its time of interaction with the qubit. We also show how these effects can be hidden by the limited resolution of the measurements performed on the qubit. The experiment reinforces NMR as a test bed for the study of open quantum systems and the simulation of their classical counterparts.
无记忆时间演化在自然界中无处不在，但通常对应于一种分辨率诱导的近似，即存在时间上的相关性，其影响无法检测到。小量子系统动力学控制的最新进展提供了探究其中一些效应的理想场景。在这里，我们通过在量子硬币（量子比特）环境中设计的相关性，实验证明了对其演化的记忆效应的精确诱导。特别是，我们设计了一个核磁共振（NMR）碰撞模型，并通过改变环境中的相关程度及其与量子比特的相互作用时间来精确控制效应的强度。我们还展示了这些效应如何被对量子比特进行测量的有限分辨率所掩盖。该实验强化了核磁共振作为研究开放量子系统及其经典对应物模拟的试验台的地位。
