Millaire Jean-François, Prieto Gabriel, Surette Flannery, Redmond Elsa M, Spencer Charles S
Department of Anthropology, Social Science Centre, The University of Western Ontario, London ON, N6A 5C2, Canada;
Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Oct 11;113(41):E6016-E6025. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1609972113. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
Interpolity interaction and regional control were central features of all early state societies, taking the form of trade-embedded in political processes to varying degrees-or interregional conquest strategies meant to expand the polity's control or influence over neighboring territories. Cross-cultural analyses of early statecraft suggest that territorial expansion was an integral part of the process of primary state formation, closely associated with the delegation of authority to subordinate administrators and the construction of core outposts of the state in foreign territories. We report here on a potential case of a core outpost, associated with the early Virú state, at the site of Huaca Prieta in the Chicama Valley, located 75 km north of the Virú state heartland on the north coast of Peru. This site is discussed in the context of other possible Virú outposts in the Moche Valley, Pampa La Cruz, and Huaca Las Estrellas, and as part of a broader reflection on expansionary dynamics and statecraft.
内部互动和区域控制是所有早期国家社会的核心特征，采取了不同程度地嵌入政治进程的贸易形式，或者采取旨在扩大政体对邻近领土控制或影响的区域征服战略。对早期治国方略的跨文化分析表明，领土扩张是早期国家形成过程中不可或缺的一部分，与将权力下放给下属行政人员以及在外国领土上建立国家核心前哨密切相关。我们在此报告一个与早期维鲁国家相关的核心前哨的潜在案例，该前哨位于奇卡马山谷的瓦卡普列塔遗址，位于秘鲁北海岸维鲁国家中心地带以北75公里处。本文将在莫切山谷、潘帕拉克鲁斯和瓦卡拉斯埃斯特雷拉斯等其他可能的维鲁前哨的背景下讨论这个遗址，并将其作为对扩张动态和治国方略更广泛思考的一部分。
