Criado-Fornelio A, Verdú-Expósito C, Martin-Pérez T, Heredero-Bermejo I, Pérez-Serrano J, Guàrdia-Valle L, Panisello-Panisello M
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Unitat de Botànica, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Fac. Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Parasitol Res. 2017 Jan;116(1):99-110. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-5266-0. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Gregarines thrive in the digestive tract of arthropods and may be deleterious to their hosts, especially when present in high densities. The impact of parasites on these invertebrates may affect both the ecosystem equilibrium and human economic activities. However, information available on gregarines in Spain is limited. Therefore, a microscopic study on prevalence of gregarine infection in 560 insects and crustaceans was undertaken in Madrid and Tarragona.Gregarina ormierei (78 % prevalence), Stylocephalus gigas (56 %), Oocephalus hispanus (13 %) and Actinocephalus permagnus (only one infected out of six beetles examined) were found in coleopteran hosts. Gregarina ovata and G. chelidurellae showed moderate frequency of infection (35 %) in dermapterans. An undescribed Gregarina sp. (76 % prevalence) was observed for the first time in freshwater decapod crustaceans. Interestingly, G. ormierei showed a noticeable phenotypic dimorphism, which justifies its redescription based on modern taxonomic criteria. Sequences of the 18S rRNA gene could be obtained only in the presence of highly prevalent gregarines. G. ormierei and Gregarina sp. were related (85 and 94 % identity by BLASTN, respectively) to G. basiconstrictonea and G. cloptoni, respectively, whereas S. gigas was closely related to both Xiphocephalus ellisi and S. giganteus (>97 % identity). Phylogenetic trees based on ribosomal sequences unequivocally grouped these new isolates either with the Gregarinidae (G. ormierei and Gregarina sp.) or the Stylocephalidae (S. gigas).
簇虫在节肢动物的消化道中大量繁殖，可能对宿主有害，尤其是在高密度存在时。寄生虫对这些无脊椎动物的影响可能会影响生态系统平衡和人类经济活动。然而，西班牙有关簇虫的可用信息有限。因此，在马德里和塔拉戈纳对560只昆虫和甲壳类动物进行了簇虫感染率的微观研究。在鞘翅目宿主中发现了奥氏簇虫（感染率78%）、巨型柱形簇虫（56%）、西班牙卵头簇虫（13%）和大型放射簇虫（在检查的6只甲虫中只有1只被感染）。卵形簇虫和螯蛱蝶簇虫在革翅目昆虫中的感染频率适中（35%）。在淡水十足目甲壳类动物中首次观察到一种未描述的簇虫属物种（感染率76%）。有趣的是，奥氏簇虫表现出明显的表型二态性，这证明基于现代分类标准对其重新描述是合理的。只有在高度流行的簇虫存在时才能获得18S rRNA基因序列。奥氏簇虫和簇虫属物种分别与基部缢缩簇虫和克洛普顿簇虫相关（通过BLASTN分别具有85%和94%的同一性），而巨型柱形簇虫与埃氏剑头簇虫和巨型柱形簇虫都密切相关（同一性>97%）。基于核糖体序列的系统发育树明确地将这些新分离株与簇虫科（奥氏簇虫和簇虫属物种）或柱形簇虫科（巨型柱形簇虫）归为一类。
