Cruz Villagrán Claudia, Schumacher Jim, Donnell Robert, Dhar Madhu S
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, TN , USA.
Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, TN , USA.
Front Vet Sci. 2016 Sep 15;3:80. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2016.00080. eCollection 2016.
Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to sites of experimentally created nerve injury in laboratory animals has shown promising results in restoring nerve function. This approach for nerve regeneration has not been reported in horses. In this study, we first evaluated the ability of equine bone marrow-derived MSCs (EBM-MSCs) to trans-differentiate into Schwann-like cells and subsequently tested the MSCs for their potential to regenerate a transected nerve after implantation. The EBM-MSCs from three equine donors were differentiated into SCLs for 7 days, , in the presence of specialized differentiation medium and evaluated for morphological characteristics, by using confocal microscopy, and for protein characteristics, by using selected Schwann cell markers (GFAP and S100b). The EBM-MSCs were then implanted into the fascia surrounding the of one fore limb of three healthy horses after a portion of this nerve was excised. The excised portion of the nerve was examined histologically at the time of transection, and stumps of the nerve were examined histologically at day 45 after transplantation. The EBM-MSCs from all donors demonstrated morphological and protein characteristics of those of Schwann cells 7 days after differentiation. Nerves implanted with EBM-MSCs after nerve transection did not show evidence of nerve regeneration at day 45. Examination of peripheral nerves collected 45 days after injury and stem cell treatment revealed no histological differences between nerves treated with MSCs and those treated with isotonic saline solution (controls). The optimal delivery of MSCs and the model suitable to study the efficacy of MSCs in nerve regeneration should be investigated.
将间充质基质细胞（MSCs）移植到实验性造成神经损伤的实验动物部位，在恢复神经功能方面已显示出有前景的结果。这种神经再生方法在马匹中尚未见报道。在本研究中，我们首先评估了马骨髓源性间充质干细胞（EBM-MSCs）转分化为雪旺氏样细胞的能力，随后测试了这些间充质干细胞在植入后再生横断神经的潜力。来自三个马供体的EBM-MSCs在特定分化培养基存在下分化为雪旺氏样细胞7天，通过共聚焦显微镜评估其形态特征，并使用选定的雪旺细胞标记物（GFAP和S100b）评估其蛋白质特征。然后，在切除部分神经后，将EBM-MSCs植入三匹健康马的一个前肢的神经周围筋膜中。在横断时对切除的神经部分进行组织学检查，并在移植后第45天对神经残端进行组织学检查。所有供体的EBM-MSCs在分化7天后均表现出雪旺细胞的形态和蛋白质特征。在神经横断后植入EBM-MSCs的神经在第45天时未显示神经再生的迹象。对损伤和干细胞治疗后45天收集的周围神经进行检查发现，用间充质干细胞治疗的神经与用等渗盐溶液治疗的神经（对照）之间在组织学上没有差异。应研究间充质干细胞的最佳递送方式以及适合研究间充质干细胞在神经再生中疗效的模型。
