Picton Catherine, Loughrey Claire, Webb Andrew
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, London, UK
Northern Ireland Medical and Dental Training Agency, Belfast, UK.
Clin Med (Lond). 2016 Oct;16(5):470-474. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.16-5-470.
The original requirement for a competency framework for prescribers was to identify the essential skills for non-medical prescribers. However, core prescribing competencies are relevant to any prescriber. The new, revised version is especially relevant for doctors/physicians. Doctors are the most frequent prescribers - prescribing is the most common therapeutic intervention. The quantity and complexity of medicine use is increasing through multiple treatment strategies/pathways for multiple comorbidities, resulting in polypharmacy - especially with long-term conditions. This is against a background of the ongoing introduction of new drugs with novel mechanisms of action with increased risks of adverse effects, compounded by drug-drug and disease-drug interactions. This has increased the need for monitoring and follow-up, including identification and management of poor adherence. It is challenging for doctors to maintain safe and effective prescribing and train other doctors and non-medical prescribers within the multidisciplinary team. The prescribing competency framework provides a systematic approach to support doctors to prescribe safely and effectively. It can be used by medical schools to teach prescribing, including preparation for the prescribing safety assessment; by F1/F2 doctors to support prescribing in early years; as part of prescribing quality improvement initiatives and as a continuing professional development framework in general practice or acute care settings.
最初对开处方者能力框架的要求是确定非医学开处方者的基本技能。然而,核心处方能力对任何开处方者都适用。新的修订版对医生尤其适用。医生是最频繁的开处方者——开处方是最常见的治疗干预措施。由于针对多种合并症的多种治疗策略/途径,药物使用的数量和复杂性不断增加,导致了多药合用——尤其是对于长期疾病。这是在不断引入具有新作用机制、不良反应风险增加的新药的背景下发生的,药物相互作用和疾病与药物相互作用使情况更加复杂。这增加了监测和随访的必要性,包括识别和管理依从性差的情况。对于医生来说,在多学科团队中保持安全有效的处方以及培训其他医生和非医学开处方者具有挑战性。处方能力框架提供了一种系统的方法来支持医生安全有效地开处方。它可被医学院校用于教授处方,包括为处方安全评估做准备;供F1/F2医生在早期阶段支持处方开具;作为处方质量改进举措的一部分,以及作为全科或急症护理环境中的持续专业发展框架。