Ramamoorthy Purushothaman, Lakshmanan Krishnamurthy, Upadhyaya Hari Deo, Vadez Vincent, Varshney Rajeev Kumar
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, India.
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India.
Field Crops Res. 2016 Oct;197:10-27. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.07.016.
Chickpea is the second most important legume crop largely grown under semi-arid tropics where terminal drought is one of the major constraints for its productivity. A trait-based selection had been considered more beneficial in drought tolerance breeding to overcome the environmental influence on drought yields. Large number of traits had been suggested in literature, with less indication on their importance and priority, for use in such breeding programs resulting in poor utilization of critical traits in drought tolerance breeding. To identify the most critical traits that contribute to grain yield under drought, 12 chickpea genotypes, with well-defined drought response, were field evaluated by sampling at regular intervals during the cropping period. Large range of variation was observed for shoot biomass productivity, specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf area index (LAI) at different days after sowings (DAS), canopy temperature depression (CTD) at mid-reproductive stages, growth duration and both morphological and analytical yield components. Grain yield under drought was closely associated with the rate of partitioning (p), crop growth rate (C), CTD, phenology, LAI at mid-pod fill stage, pod number m at maturity, shoot biomass at reproductive growth stages and SLA at physiological maturity. The shoot trait(s) were prioritized based on their significance and contribution to drought tolerance. The trait(s) that conferred tolerance varied across genotypes. The order of traits/plant functions identified as important and critical for the drought tolerance were p, C, CTD, growth duration and other related traits. Relatively less important traits were LAI, SLA at the mid reproductive stage and pod number per unit area at maturity. The traits Dr, seeds pod and 100-seed weight were found to be least important. Breeding for the best combination of p and C with the right phenology was proposed to be the best selection strategy to enhance terminal drought tolerance in chickpea.
鹰嘴豆是第二重要的豆类作物，主要种植在半干旱热带地区，而终末期干旱是其生产力的主要限制因素之一。在耐旱育种中，基于性状的选择被认为更有利于克服环境对干旱产量的影响。文献中提出了大量性状，但对于它们在这种育种计划中的重要性和优先级的指示较少，导致关键性状在耐旱育种中未得到充分利用。为了确定在干旱条件下对籽粒产量有贡献的最关键性状，对12个具有明确干旱反应的鹰嘴豆基因型在作物生长期间定期取样进行田间评估。在不同播种后天数（DAS）的地上部生物量生产力、比叶面积（SLA）和叶面积指数（LAI）、生殖中期的冠层温度降低（CTD）、生育期以及形态和分析产量构成因素方面观察到了很大的变异范围。干旱条件下的籽粒产量与分配率（p）、作物生长速率（C）、CTD、物候、结荚中期的LAI、成熟时的荚果数m、生殖生长阶段的地上部生物量以及生理成熟时的SLA密切相关。根据地上部性状对耐旱性的重要性和贡献对其进行了优先级排序。赋予耐受性的性状因基因型而异。被确定为对耐旱性重要且关键的性状/植物功能顺序为p、C、CTD、生育期和其他相关性状。相对不太重要的性状是LAI、生殖中期的SLA和成熟时单位面积的荚果数。发现性状Dr、每荚种子数和百粒重最不重要。建议将p和C的最佳组合与合适的物候进行育种，作为提高鹰嘴豆终末期耐旱性的最佳选择策略。
Zotero 插件
