Foster Dawn W, Greene Maya R, Allan Nicholas P, Geldsetzer Pascal
Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry; Connecticut Mental Health Center, Division of Substance Abuse.
University of Houston, Department of Psychology.
Int J Ment Health Addict. 2016 Oct;14(5):791-802. doi: 10.1007/s11469-016-9633-y. Epub 2016 Jan 22.
The present work examined the influence of drinking motives on hookah use frequency among individuals reporting both alcohol and hookah use (multi-substance users). Despite growing documentation of cross-substance effects between motives and substance use, limited research has examined these relationships specifically with respect to hookah use.
Participants were 134 (75.37% female) hookah and alcohol users, aged 18-47 years ( = 22.17, = 3.66) who completed measures of substance use, drinking motives, and reported demographic information. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to investigate the predictive value of drinking motives on hookah use frequency, age taken into account.
Findings showed that hookah use was negatively associated with age (β = -.22, ≤ .01). The model regressing hookah use on the four drinking motives provided adequate fit (χ = 314.31, = 180, < .05, CFI = .92, RMSEA = .075 [95% CI, .06-.09]). Hookah use was associated negatively with social motives (β = -.43, < .001) and positively with conformity motives (β = .24, ≤ .05).
These findings are consistent with multi-substance use literature suggesting that drinking motives are associated with the use of other substances, including increased hookah use frequency. Additional examinations of cross-substance cognitive processes are needed, particularly with respect to understanding whether hookah use among multi-substance users may be contingent in part on individual factors including negative affectivity.
本研究探讨了饮酒动机对同时报告饮酒和水烟使用情况的个体（多物质使用者）中水烟使用频率的影响。尽管关于动机与物质使用之间的交叉物质效应的文献越来越多，但专门针对水烟使用来研究这些关系的研究却很有限。
参与者为134名（75.37%为女性）年龄在18至47岁（平均年龄 = 22.17，标准差 = 3.66）的水烟和酒精使用者，他们完成了物质使用、饮酒动机的测量，并报告了人口统计学信息。采用结构方程模型（SEM）来研究饮酒动机对水烟使用频率的预测价值，并考虑了年龄因素。
研究结果表明，水烟使用与年龄呈负相关（β = -.22，p ≤.01）。将水烟使用回归到四种饮酒动机的模型拟合良好（χ² = 314.31，自由度 = 180，p <.05，CFI =.92，RMSEA =.075 [95%置信区间，.06 -.09]）。水烟使用与社交动机呈负相关（β = -.43，p <.001），与从众动机呈正相关（β =.24，p ≤.05）。
这些发现与多物质使用文献一致，表明饮酒动机与其他物质的使用有关，包括水烟使用频率的增加。需要对交叉物质认知过程进行更多的研究，特别是关于理解多物质使用者中的水烟使用是否可能部分取决于包括消极情感在内的个体因素。
