Gavorník Peter, Dukát Andrej, Gašpar Ľudovít, Gubo Gabriela, Hučková Naďa
Vnitr Lek. 2016 Fall;62(9):746-750.
Until recently, vitamin K antagonists (VKA; predominantly warfarin) were the only oral anticoagulants for primary and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism. Prevention and therapy with novel, direct, non-VKA oral anticoagulant agents (NOACs; DOACs: dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban), have recently become available as an alternative to VKA. NOACs have been shown to be non-inferior or superior to VKA in clinical trials. Available results suggest that real world safety of NOACs is mostly consistent with results observed in clinical trials. The most effective method is triple simultaneous prevention of venous thromboembolism (pharmaco kinezio mechano phlebothromboemboloprophylaxis).Key words: oral anticoagulants - NOAC/DOAC - thromboprophylaxis - venous thromboembolism - VKA.
直到最近，维生素K拮抗剂（VKA；主要是华法林）还是用于静脉血栓栓塞症一级和二级预防的唯一口服抗凝剂。新型直接非VKA口服抗凝剂（NOAC；直接口服抗凝剂：达比加群、利伐沙班、阿哌沙班、依度沙班）的预防和治疗最近已成为VKA的替代选择。在临床试验中，NOAC已被证明不劣于或优于VKA。现有结果表明，NOAC在现实世界中的安全性大多与临床试验中观察到的结果一致。最有效的方法是同时进行三重静脉血栓栓塞预防（药物 - 运动 - 机械性静脉血栓栓塞预防）。关键词：口服抗凝剂 - NOAC/DOAC - 血栓预防 - 静脉血栓栓塞 - VKA
