Purviance Donna, Ray Bradley, Tracy Abigail, Southard Erik
a Department of Advanced Practice Nursing , Indiana State University , Terre Haute , Indiana , USA.
b School of Public and Environmental Affairs , Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , Indianapolis , Indiana , USA.
Subst Abus. 2017 Apr-Jun;38(2):177-182. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2016.1219439. Epub 2016 Aug 11.
Opioid intoxication and overdoses are life-threatening emergencies requiring rapid treatment. One response to this has been to train law enforcement to detect the signs of an opioid overdose and train them to administer naloxone to reverse the effects. Although not a new concept, few studies have attempted to examine this policy.
At 4 different locations in Indiana, law enforcement personnel were trained to detect the signs of an opioid-related overdose and how to administer naloxone to reverse the effects of the overdose. Pre and post surveys were administered at each location (N = 97). To examine changes in attitudes following training, the authors included items from the Opioid Overdose Attitudes Scale (OOAS), which measures respondents' competency, concerns, and readiness to administer naloxone.
Among the full sample, naloxone training resulted in significant increases in competency, concerns, and readiness. Examining changes in attitudes by each location revealed that the training had the greatest effect on competency to administer naloxone and in easing concerns that law enforcement personal might have in administering naloxone.
This study adds to others in showing that law enforcement personnel are receptive to naloxone training and that the OOAS is able to capture these attitudes. This study advances this literature by examining pre-post changes across multiple locations. As the distribution of naloxone continues to proliferate, this study and the OOAS may be valuable towards the development of an evidence-based training model for law enforcement.
阿片类药物中毒和过量服用是危及生命的紧急情况，需要迅速治疗。对此的一种应对措施是培训执法人员识别阿片类药物过量的迹象，并培训他们使用纳洛酮来逆转其影响。尽管这不是一个新概念，但很少有研究试图检验这一政策。
在印第安纳州的4个不同地点，对执法人员进行培训，使其能够识别与阿片类药物相关的过量服用迹象以及如何使用纳洛酮来逆转过量服用的影响。在每个地点进行了培训前和培训后的调查（N = 97）。为了检验培训后态度的变化，作者纳入了阿片类药物过量态度量表（OOAS）中的项目，该量表测量受访者使用纳洛酮的能力、担忧程度和意愿。
在整个样本中，纳洛酮培训导致能力、担忧程度和意愿显著提高。按每个地点考察态度变化发现，培训对使用纳洛酮的能力以及缓解执法人员在使用纳洛酮时可能存在的担忧影响最大。
本研究与其他研究一致，表明执法人员接受纳洛酮培训，且阿片类药物过量态度量表能够捕捉这些态度。本研究通过考察多个地点培训前后的变化，推动了这一领域的文献发展。随着纳洛酮的分发继续增加，本研究和阿片类药物过量态度量表可能对开发基于证据的执法培训模式具有重要价值。
