Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo Silvia, Gredilla Ainara, da Boit Kátia, Teixeira Elba C, Sampaio Carlos H, Madariaga Juan Manuel, Silva Luis F O
University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, P.C. 2018 San Sebastian, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2017 Feb;169:725-733. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.125. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
Soils around coal mining are important reservoir of hazardous elements (HEs), nanominerals, and ultrafine compounds. This research reports and discusses the soil concentrations of HEs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in coal residues of abandoned mines. To assess differences regarding environmental impact and risk assessment between coal abandoned mines from the Santa Catarina state, eighteen coal cleaning rejects with different mineralogical and chemical composition, from eight abandoned mines were collected. Nanominerals and ultra-fine minerals from mining-contaminated areas were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), providing new information on the mineralogy and nano-mineralogy of these coal residues. The total contents of 57 elements (HEs, alkali metals, and rare earth elements) were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The calculation of NWACs (Normalized Average Weighted Concentration), together with the chemometric analysis by Principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed the variability of the samples regarding their city and their mine of origin. Moreover, the results confirmed the existence of hotspots in mines near urban areas.
煤矿周围的土壤是有害元素（HEs）、纳米矿物和超细化合物的重要储存库。本研究报告并讨论了废弃煤矿煤矸石中有害元素（砷、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌）的土壤浓度。为了评估圣卡塔琳娜州废弃煤矿在环境影响和风险评估方面的差异，从八个废弃煤矿收集了18份具有不同矿物学和化学成分的洗煤废渣。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）和高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HR-TEM）对采矿污染区域的纳米矿物和超细矿物进行了分析，提供了这些煤矸石矿物学和纳米矿物学的新信息。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）分析了57种元素（有害元素、碱金属和稀土元素）的总含量。归一化平均加权浓度（NWACs）的计算以及主成分分析（PCA）的化学计量分析证实了样品在其所在城市和来源矿山方面的变异性。此外，结果证实了城市附近矿山中存在热点地区。
