Bivi M Shahul Hamid Rahamah, Paiko Adamu Saidu, Khairulmazmi Ahmad, Akhtar M S, Idris Abu Seman
Ganoderma and Disease Research Unit, Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) Bangi, Bandar Baru Bangi 43000, Malaysia.
Pest Management Technology, Niger State College of Agriculture, Mokwa, Nigeria.
Plant Pathol J. 2016 Oct;32(5):396-406. doi: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.03.2016.0052. Epub 2016 Oct 1.
Continuous supplementation of mineral nutrients and salicylic acid (SA) as foliar application could improve efficacy in controlling basal stem rot (BSR) disease in oil palm seedling. It is revealed from the results that the highest disease severity index (58.3%) was recorded in T8 treatments at 9 months after inoculation. The best disease control was achieved by T7 treatments (calcium/copper/SA [Ca/Cu/SA]) (5.0%) followed by T1 (5.5%), T5 (5.8%), T3 (8.3%), T6 (8.3%), T4 (13.3%), and T2 (15.8%) treatments. Continuous supplementation of Ca/Cu/SA was found to be the most effective in controlling the disease and the high performance liquid chromatography results showed the detection of ergosterol at very low concentration in the treated samples. Moreover, the transmission electron microscopy analysis results clearly indicated that T7 treatment was also enhancing lignification, which was responsible for the thickness of the secondary cell walls and middle lamella compared to untreated samples. It was therefore, concluded that continuous supplementation of minerals nutrients and SA could effectively suppress disease severity by reducing ergosterol activity and also improve the process of lignification in the treated plants. Furthermore, this treatment also managed to delay the onset of BSR symptoms and promote the growth of the seedlings and eventually suppress the BSR disease.
连续叶面喷施矿质营养元素和水杨酸（SA）可提高油棕幼苗基腐病（BSR）的防治效果。结果表明，接种后9个月，T8处理的病情严重指数最高（58.3%）。防治效果最佳的是T7处理（钙/铜/水杨酸[Ca/Cu/SA]）（5.0%），其次是T1（5.5%）、T5（5.8%）、T3（8.3%）、T6（8.3%）、T4（13.3%）和T2（15.8%）处理。发现连续补充Ca/Cu/SA对控制该病最有效，高效液相色谱结果显示在处理后的样品中检测到极低浓度的麦角甾醇。此外，透射电子显微镜分析结果清楚地表明，与未处理样品相比，T7处理还增强了木质化，这与次生细胞壁和中胶层的厚度有关。因此，得出结论，连续补充矿质营养元素和SA可通过降低麦角甾醇活性有效抑制病情严重程度，并改善处理后植株的木质化过程。此外，这种处理还成功延迟了BSR症状的出现，促进了幼苗的生长，并最终抑制了BSR病。
