Risi G F, Gaumer R H, Weeks S, Leete J K, Sanders C V
Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112.
South Med J. 1989 Sep;82(9):1079-82.
To assess the risk of exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among health care workers in a southern urban setting, random screening for antibodies to HIV was undertaken. Patients who were admitted for major trauma, for medical emergencies, or in labor were screened. Of 534 sera screened, 11 (2%) were seropositive. All but two of the seropositive patients were men. Rates were similar among black and white patients. Seven patients could be placed into an established risk group, but only one patient was known to have AIDS upon presentation to the emergency room. The mean age of seropositive individuals was 30.9 years; there were similar seroprevalence rates in each of four age groups among men. We conclude that there is a substantial risk of exposure to HIV in trauma and medical emergency centers; therefore all health care workers should practice universal barrier precautions whenever exposure to a patient's blood or body fluids is likely.
为评估南方城市地区医护人员感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的风险，我们对HIV抗体进行了随机筛查。对因重大创伤、医疗急症或分娩入院的患者进行了筛查。在筛查的534份血清中，11份（2%）呈血清阳性。血清阳性患者中除两名外均为男性。黑人和白人患者的感染率相似。7名患者可归入既定的风险组，但只有一名患者在急诊室就诊时已知患有艾滋病。血清阳性个体的平均年龄为30.9岁；男性四个年龄组中的血清阳性率相似。我们得出结论，创伤和医疗急救中心存在大量HIV暴露风险；因此，所有医护人员在可能接触患者血液或体液时均应采取普遍防护措施。
