Arriola Aileen Grace P, Taylor Laura A, Asemota Eseosa, Boos Markus D, Elder David E, Weber Kristy L, Micheletti Robert G, Zhang Paul J
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Clinical observer and research fellow, Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
J Cutan Pathol. 2017 Jan;44(1):98-103. doi: 10.1111/cup.12844. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
Retiform hemangioendothelioma (RH) is a rare vascular neoplasm with a high rate of local recurrence and low metastatic potential. We describe an unusual case of RH in a 45-year-old patient with Milroy disease, with a prominent solid component diffusely involving a chronic lymphedematous leg. This case is consistent with the postulated relationship between lymphedema and vascular neoplasms developing as a result of local immune dysfunction, and highlights the need to closely monitor patients with Milroy disease for pathologic changes. Our case highlights a unique example of RH with atypical features. There are several noteworthy unusual clinical and histologic findings including diffuse involvement of an entire limb, solid component with cytologic atypia, D2-40 expression, and first-time-reported association with Milroy disease. Given the atypical histologic presentation of cytologic atypia, solid areas and atypical immunohistochemical profile with D2-40 positivity, this case could cause diagnostic difficulty, especially in the setting of such a broad clinical differential.
