Waller Christopher C, McLeod Malcolm D
Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Drug Test Anal. 2017 Sep;9(9):1304-1319. doi: 10.1002/dta.2112. Epub 2016 Nov 18.
In recent years, the potential for anabolic steroid abuse in equine sports has increased due to the growing availability of designer steroids. These compounds are readily accessible online in 'dietary' or 'nutritional' supplements and contain steroidal compounds which have never been tested or approved as veterinary agents. They typically have unusual structures or substitution and as a result may pass undetected through current anti-doping screening protocols, making them a significant concern for the integrity of the industry. Despite considerable focus in human sports, until recently there has been limited investigation into these compounds in equine systems. To effectively respond to the threat of designer steroids, a detailed understanding of their metabolism is needed to identify markers and metabolites arising from their misuse. A summary of the literature detailing the metabolism of these compounds in equine systems is presented with an aim to identify metabolites suitable for incorporation into screening protocols by anti-doping laboratories. The future of equine anti-doping research is likely to be guided by the incorporation of alternate testing matrices into routine screening, the improvement of in vitro technologies that can mimic in vivo equine metabolism, and the improvement of instrumentation or analytical methods that allow for the development of untargeted screening, and metabolomics approaches for use in anti-doping screening protocols. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
近年来，由于定制类固醇的可得性增加，马类运动中合成代谢类固醇滥用的可能性也在上升。这些化合物在“膳食”或“营养”补充剂中很容易在网上买到，并且含有从未作为兽药进行过测试或批准的甾体化合物。它们通常具有不寻常的结构或取代基，因此可能会在当前的反兴奋剂筛查方案中未被检测到，这使得它们成为该行业诚信的一个重大问题。尽管在人类运动领域受到了相当多的关注，但直到最近，对马类系统中这些化合物的研究还很有限。为了有效应对定制类固醇的威胁，需要详细了解它们的代谢情况，以识别因滥用而产生的标志物和代谢物。本文总结了详细阐述这些化合物在马类系统中代谢情况的文献，目的是识别适合反兴奋剂实验室纳入筛查方案的代谢物。马类反兴奋剂研究的未来可能会受到以下因素的引导：将替代检测基质纳入常规筛查、改进能够模拟马类体内代谢的体外技术，以及改进仪器或分析方法，以开发非靶向筛查和代谢组学方法用于反兴奋剂筛查方案。版权所有© 2016约翰威立父子有限公司。
