Petrović Sladjana, Jovanović Ivan, Ugrenović Sladjana, Radovanović Zoran, Pešić Zoran, Vučković Ivica, Stojković Nikola, Petrović Filip
Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. dr Zoran Djindjic 81, 18000, Niš, Serbia.
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2017 May;39(5):525-534. doi: 10.1007/s00276-016-1757-z. Epub 2016 Oct 12.
Stylohyoid complex is anatomical structure predisposed to numerous individual variations. These may result in its extreme elongation, medial deviation and finally Eagle's syndrome occurrence. The aim of this study was to measure the length, angulation, evaluate morphological variations of stylohyoid complex by computed tomography and, subsequently, relate obtained data to the gender and the age of the evaluated cases.
The material included CT scans of stylohyoid complexes of 282 individuals. The entire length, maximal thickness, and angulation of the stylohyoid complexes in the coronal, transverse, and sagittal planes were measured.
According to their morphology, orientation and length, stylohyoid complexes were classified into six morphological types. Elongated, bent, segmented, and segmented with attached stylohyoid ligament for the lesser horns of the hyoid bone stylohyoid complex types were characterized by significantly greater length, while pseudoarticulated type was characterized by significantly lower length in relation to normal stylohyoid complex type. The elongated type was additionally significantly thicker and with significantly lower value of medial angle in transverse plain than the normal stylohyoid complex type. Elongated, bent, and segmented types were significantly more frequent in males than in females. Furthermore, the frequency of the elongated stylohyoid complex type increased, whereas normal and pseudoarticulated types decreased with age.
In conclusion, elongated and more medially deviated stylohyoid complexes are more frequent in males than in females. Their more frequent presence in the older age groups indirectly connects this phenomenon with the aging process.
茎突舌骨复合体是一种易于出现多种个体变异的解剖结构。这些变异可能导致其极度延长、向内侧偏移，最终引发鹰综合征。本研究的目的是通过计算机断层扫描测量茎突舌骨复合体的长度、角度，评估其形态变异，随后将获得的数据与所评估病例的性别和年龄相关联。
材料包括282例个体的茎突舌骨复合体的CT扫描图像。测量茎突舌骨复合体在冠状面、横断面和矢状面的全长、最大厚度和角度。
根据茎突舌骨复合体的形态、方向和长度，将其分为六种形态类型。茎突舌骨复合体的延长型、弯曲型、分段型以及带有附着于舌骨小角的茎突舌骨韧带的分段型，其特点是长度明显更长，而假关节型与正常茎突舌骨复合体类型相比，其长度明显更低。延长型在横断面的内侧角值也明显更低，且明显更厚。延长型、弯曲型和分段型在男性中比在女性中更常见。此外，随着年龄的增长，延长型茎突舌骨复合体的频率增加，而正常型和假关节型的频率降低。
总之，延长且向内侧偏移更明显的茎突舌骨复合体在男性中比在女性中更常见。它们在老年人群中更频繁出现，这一现象间接与衰老过程相关。
