Tadej G, Engstrom C, Borrman H, Christiansen E L
Section of Orthodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry 90024.
Angle Orthod. 1989 Fall;59(3):187-94. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(1989)059<0187:MCMIRT>2.0.CO;2.
Recent studies show that forces applied to the mandible during treatment with functional appliances and other orthodontic therapies produce changes in the TMJ. Specific malocclusions might also apply forces that can produce changes in the morphology of the TMJ. This study examined 104 orthodontic patients (44 males and 60 females) prior to treatment. The size and location of the condyle was determined on submento-vertex and tomographic films which was related to clinical findings including age, sex, malocclusion type, facial type, TMJ symptoms, tooth eruption sequence, crossbites and midline discrepancies. The medio-lateral width of the condylar head correlated positively with the patients age (p less than 0.001) and sex (p less than 0.001). Also the antero-posterior widths of the condyle were correlated with age (p less than 0.05). The condylar size in males was found to be greater than in females. Midline discrepancy significantly altered the increase in condylar size during growth. Transversel anomalies had a markedly greater influence on condylar growth compared to other characteristics of occlusion. The major change in condylar size during growth occurred in medio-lateral dimension as compared to the antero-posterior. In addition, the medio-lateral width was affected by midline discrepancy but not the antero-posterior width.
近期研究表明，在使用功能性矫治器及其他正畸治疗方法治疗期间，施加于下颌骨的力会使颞下颌关节发生改变。特定的错牙合畸形也可能施加能导致颞下颌关节形态改变的力。本研究在治疗前对104例正畸患者（44例男性和60例女性）进行了检查。在颏下顶点位片和断层片上确定髁突的大小和位置，并将其与包括年龄、性别、错牙合类型、面型、颞下颌关节症状、牙齿萌出顺序、反牙合及中线偏差等临床发现相关联。髁突头部的内外宽度与患者年龄呈正相关（p<0.001），与性别也呈正相关（p<0.001）。此外，髁突的前后宽度与年龄相关（p<0.05）。发现男性的髁突尺寸大于女性。中线偏差显著改变了生长期间髁突大小的增加。与其他咬合特征相比，横向异常对髁突生长的影响明显更大。生长期间髁突大小的主要变化发生在内外维度，而非前后维度。此外，内外宽度受中线偏差影响，而前后宽度不受影响。
