a School of Nursing and Health Studies , University of Miami , FL , USA.
Ethn Health. 2017 Oct;22(5):528-540. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2016.1244738. Epub 2016 Oct 15.
Alcohol misuse and depressive symptoms have been linked to HIV/STI risk, but studies have rarely included Hispanic women, who have over four times greater HIV incidence than white, non-Hispanic women. Understanding the connections among alcohol misuse, depressive symptoms, and HIV/STI risks may suggest ways to meet specific needs of Hispanic women. This study's objective is to examine the relationships among alcohol misuse, depressive symptoms, and seven HIV/STI risk factors.
Five hundred forty-eight US Hispanic women with intake data from a randomized trial were assessed for alcohol misuse (CAGE) and depressive symptoms (CES-D). GZLM and path analyses tested relationships between alcohol misuse or depressive symptoms and HIV/STI risk factors.
Self-efficacy and condom use were not related to alcohol misuse or depressive symptoms, but only 15% of women reported consistent condom use. After controlling for demographics, women with alcohol misuse had significantly more perceived HIV/STI risk (OR = 2.15) and better HIV/STI knowledge (β = -.54); and women with depressive symptoms had significantly more perceived HIV/STI risk (OR = 1.76) and worse HIV/STI knowledge (β = .37).
Interventions to increase condom use for Hispanic women are needed, regardless of mental disorders. Working with Hispanic women with alcohol misuse or depressive symptoms presents a need (and opportunity) to address issues directly related to HIV/STI risk. Women's health practitioners have an excellent opportunity to reach women by implementing regular screening programs in clinics that serve Hispanic women. For women with high depressive symptoms, poor HIV/STI knowledge should also be addressed. Future studies should test whether integrated and tailored risk reduction interventions affect these factors and lower HIV/STI risk for Hispanic women.
酒精滥用和抑郁症状与 HIV/性传播感染 (STI) 风险相关，但此类研究很少纳入西班牙裔女性，而西班牙裔女性的 HIV 发病率比白人非西班牙裔女性高四倍以上。了解酒精滥用、抑郁症状和 HIV/STI 风险之间的联系，可能有助于找到满足西班牙裔女性特定需求的方法。本研究的目的是检验酒精滥用、抑郁症状与 7 种 HIV/STI 风险因素之间的关系。
548 名接受入组随机试验的美国西班牙裔女性接受了酒精滥用 (CAGE) 和抑郁症状 (CES-D) 评估。广义线性混合模型和路径分析检验了酒精滥用或抑郁症状与 HIV/STI 风险因素之间的关系。
自我效能和 condom 使用与酒精滥用或抑郁症状无关，但只有 15%的女性报告 condom 使用始终一致。在控制人口统计学因素后，酒精滥用女性的 HIV/STI 风险感知显著更高 (OR=2.15)，HIV/STI 知识更好 (β=-.54)；抑郁症状女性的 HIV/STI 风险感知显著更高 (OR=1.76)，HIV/STI 知识更差 (β=.37)。
无论是否存在精神障碍，都需要为西班牙裔女性提供增加 condom 使用的干预措施。与有酒精滥用或抑郁症状的西班牙裔女性合作，提供了一个直接解决与 HIV/STI 风险相关问题的机会。女性健康从业者可以通过在为西班牙裔女性服务的诊所实施定期筛查计划，为接触女性提供绝佳机会。对于抑郁症状严重的女性，还应解决其 HIV/STI 知识较差的问题。未来的研究应检验综合且量身定制的风险降低干预措施是否会影响这些因素，从而降低西班牙裔女性的 HIV/STI 风险。
