Chinello Clizia, L'imperio Vincenzo, Stella Martina, Smith Andrew James, Bovo Giorgio, Grasso Angelica, Grasso Marco, Raimondo Francesca, Pitto Marina, Pagni Fabio, Magni Fulvio
a Department of Medicine and Surgery , University Milan Bicocca , Monza , Italy.
b Pathology unit , San Gerardo Hospital , Monza , Italy.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2016 Dec;13(12):1103-1120. doi: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1248415. Epub 2016 Oct 28.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most fatal of the common urologic cancers, with approximately 35% of patients dying within 5 years following diagnosis. Therefore, there is a need for non-invasive markers that are capable of detecting and determining the severity of small renal masses at an early stage in order to tailor treatment and follow-up. Proteomic studies have proved to be very useful in the study of tumors. Areas covered: In this review, we will detail the current knowledge obtained by the different proteomic approaches, focusing on MS-based strategies, used to investigate RCC biology in order to identify diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers on tissue, cultured cells and biological fluids. Expert commentary: Currently, no reliable biomarkers or targets for RCC have been translated into the clinical setting. Moreover, despite the efforts of proteomics and other -omics disciplines, only a small number of them have been observed as shared targets between the different analytical platforms and biological specimens. The difficulty to define a specific molecular pattern for RCC and its subtypes highlights a peculiar profile and a heterogeneity that must be taken into account in future studies.
肾细胞癌（RCC）是常见泌尿系统癌症中致死率最高的，约35%的患者在确诊后5年内死亡。因此，需要能够在早期检测并确定小肾肿块严重程度的非侵入性标志物，以便制定治疗方案和进行随访。蛋白质组学研究已证明在肿瘤研究中非常有用。涵盖领域：在本综述中，我们将详细阐述通过不同蛋白质组学方法获得的当前知识，重点关注基于质谱的策略，这些策略用于研究RCC生物学，以识别组织、培养细胞和生物体液中的诊断、预后和预测生物标志物。专家评论：目前，还没有可靠的RCC生物标志物或靶点转化应用于临床。此外，尽管蛋白质组学和其他“组学”学科付出了努力，但只有少数被观察到是不同分析平台和生物样本之间的共同靶点。难以确定RCC及其亚型的特定分子模式，这凸显了一种特殊的特征和异质性，在未来研究中必须加以考虑。
