Barras Caroline, Kerzel Dirk
Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université de Genève, Switzerland.
Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université de Genève, Switzerland.
Biol Psychol. 2016 Dec;121(Pt A):74-83. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.10.004. Epub 2016 Oct 15.
In visual search for a shape target, interference from salient-but-irrelevant color singletons can be resisted in feature search mode, but not in singleton detection mode. In singleton detection mode, we observed a contralateral positivity (P) after 260-340ms, suggesting that the salient distractor was suppressed. Because RTs in singleton detection mode increased when a distractor was present, we conclude that active suppression of distractors takes time. In feature search mode, no increase in RTs and no P to the distractor was observed, showing that resistance to interference was not accomplished by suppression. Rather, the smaller N2pc to the target in feature search than in singleton detection mode suggests that enhancement of target features avoided interference. Thus, the strong top-down set in feature search mode eliminated the need to suppress the early attend-to-me signal (corresponding to the Ppc, from 160 to 210ms) that was generated by salient stimuli independently of search mode.
在对形状目标进行视觉搜索时，在特征搜索模式下可以抵抗来自突出但不相关的颜色单独元素的干扰，但在单独元素检测模式下则不能。在单独元素检测模式下，我们在260 - 340毫秒后观察到对侧正波（P），这表明突出的干扰物被抑制了。因为当存在干扰物时，单独元素检测模式下的反应时增加，所以我们得出结论，对干扰物的主动抑制需要时间。在特征搜索模式下，未观察到反应时增加，也未观察到对干扰物的P波，这表明对干扰的抵抗不是通过抑制实现的。相反，与单独元素检测模式相比，特征搜索模式下目标的N2pc较小，这表明目标特征的增强避免了干扰。因此，特征搜索模式中强大的自上而下的设定消除了抑制由突出刺激独立于搜索模式产生的早期“关注我”信号（对应于160至210毫秒的Ppc）的必要性。
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