Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
Postgraduate Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dentistry, UASLP, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
J Oral Pathol Med. 2017 Aug;46(7):549-557. doi: 10.1111/jop.12514. Epub 2016 Nov 19.
Periodontal disease is chronic inflammatory process that affects the attachment structures of the teeth and constitutes a significant cause of tooth loss in adults. Although different bacteria play an important role in the triggering of this condition, the progression and severity of the disease are strongly affected by the host immune response, which is under the control of different immune regulatory mechanisms, including T regulatory (Treg) cells. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and function of CD69 Treg lymphocytes in patients with chronic periodontal disease.
Peripheral blood samples (n = 33) and gingival tissue (n = 9) were obtained from patients with chronic periodontal disease. Blood samples from 25 healthy individuals were also studied. Levels of CD69 Treg lymphocytes in peripheral blood and gingival tissue were determined by six-color multiparametric flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. The immune regulatory function of CD69 Treg cells was tested by an in vitro assay of inhibition of lymphocyte activation.
Percentages of CD69 Treg cells were significantly higher in the peripheral blood from patients with active periodontal disease compared to healthy controls, and these percentages inversely correlated with the periodontal attachment loss. Increased numbers of these Treg cells were detected in the gingival tissue from active PD patients compared to their peripheral blood. However, the suppressive function of CD69 Treg cells was significantly diminished in patients with periodontal disease compared to healthy controls.
Our data suggest that CD69 Treg cells seem to be another important piece in the complex immunopathogenesis of periodontal disease.
牙周病是一种慢性炎症过程，影响牙齿的附着结构，是成年人牙齿丧失的主要原因。虽然不同的细菌在引发这种疾病中起着重要作用，但疾病的进展和严重程度受到宿主免疫反应的强烈影响，而宿主免疫反应受不同的免疫调节机制控制，包括调节性 T 细胞（Treg）。本研究旨在评估慢性牙周病患者中 CD69 Treg 淋巴细胞的频率和功能。
从慢性牙周病患者（n=33）和牙龈组织（n=9）中获得外周血样本，从 25 名健康个体中获得血液样本。通过六色多参数流式细胞术、免疫荧光和免疫组织化学来确定外周血和牙龈组织中 CD69 Treg 淋巴细胞的水平。通过体外抑制淋巴细胞活化测定来测试 CD69 Treg 细胞的免疫调节功能。
与健康对照组相比，处于活跃期牙周病患者的外周血中 CD69 Treg 细胞的百分比显著升高，并且这些百分比与牙周附着丧失呈负相关。与外周血相比，来自活跃 PD 患者的牙龈组织中检测到这些 Treg 细胞的数量增加。然而，与健康对照组相比，牙周病患者的 CD69 Treg 细胞的抑制功能明显减弱。
我们的数据表明，CD69 Treg 细胞似乎是牙周病复杂免疫发病机制中的另一个重要因素。
