Ellers O
Biol Bull. 1995 Oct;189(2):128-137. doi: 10.2307/1542463.
Clams, Donax variabilis, responded to sound stimuli presented to them in a laboratory aquarium by jumping out of the sand, lying on the sand for several seconds, and digging in again. On a beach, clams jump out of the sand and ride waves, migrating shoreward with the rising tide and seaward with the falling tide. Parallels between clam behavior on a beach and that elicited in the laboratory suggest that clams cue on wave sounds to jump out of the sand. Three aspects of the response to sound were parallel. (i) Clams were most responsive to low-frequency sounds similar to those produced on a beach by waves rolling onto shore. (ii) Clams were also more responsive to louder sounds; on a beach, clams jump preferentially for the largest (loudest) 20% of waves, (iii) Responsiveness in the laboratory had an endogenous tidal rhythm, with highest activity occurring at high tide and no activity occurring at low tide; this rhythm corresponds to the activity of clams on the beach from which they were collected. By using sounds to identify large waves, clams can ride selected waves and continuously maintain position at the sea's edge as the tide floods and ebbs.
蛤类，多变四角蛤蜊（Donax variabilis），在实验室水族箱中对向它们呈现的声音刺激做出反应，跳出沙子，在沙子上躺几秒钟，然后再钻回沙中。在海滩上，蛤类会跳出沙子并随波逐流，随着涨潮向岸迁移，随着落潮向海迁移。海滩上蛤类的行为与实验室中引发的行为之间的相似之处表明，蛤类根据海浪声音提示跳出沙子。对声音的反应有三个方面是相似的。（i）蛤类对类似于海浪涌上沙滩产生的低频声音反应最为敏感。（ii）蛤类对更大的声音也更敏感；在海滩上，蛤类优先在最大（最响）的20%的海浪时跳出。（iii）实验室中的反应具有内源性潮汐节律，高潮时活动最高，低潮时无活动；这种节律与采集它们的海滩上蛤类的活动相对应。通过利用声音识别大浪，蛤类可以搭乘选定的海浪，并在潮水涨落时持续保持在海边的位置。
