Jiang Qin, Li Xiyue, Cheng Shanshan, Gu Yuxiu, Chen Gui, Shen Yuexin, Xie Yixi, Cao Yi
Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2016 Dec;48:103-109. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.10.014. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
We have recently proposed that the interaction between food components and nanoparticles (NPs) should be considered when evaluating the toxicity of NPs. In the present study, we used THP-1 differentiated macrophages as a model for immune cells and investigated the combined toxicity of low levels of palmitate (PA; 10 or 50μM) and ZnO NPs. The results showed that PA especially at 50μM changed the size, Zeta potential and UV-vis spectra of ZnO NPs, indicating a possible coating effect. Up to 32μg/mL ZnO NPs did not significantly affect mitochondrial activity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) or release of interleukin 6 (IL-6), but significantly impaired lysosomal function as assessed by neutral red uptake assay and acridine orange staining. The presence of 50μM PA, but not 10μM PA, further promoted the toxic effects of ZnO NPs to lysosomes but did not significantly affect other endpoints. In addition, ZnO NPs dose-dependently increased intracellular Zn ions in THP-1 macrophages, which was not significantly affected by PA. Taken together, the results of the present study showed a combined toxicity of low levels of PA and ZnO NPs especially to lysosomes in THP-1 macrophages.
我们最近提出，在评估纳米颗粒（NPs）的毒性时，应考虑食物成分与纳米颗粒之间的相互作用。在本研究中，我们使用THP-1分化的巨噬细胞作为免疫细胞模型，研究了低水平棕榈酸（PA；10或50μM）与ZnO NPs的联合毒性。结果表明，尤其是50μM的PA改变了ZnO NPs的尺寸、Zeta电位和紫外可见光谱，表明可能存在包被效应。高达32μg/mL的ZnO NPs对线粒体活性、细胞内活性氧（ROS）或白细胞介素6（IL-6）的释放没有显著影响，但通过中性红摄取试验和吖啶橙染色评估，显著损害了溶酶体功能。50μM的PA（而非10μM的PA）的存在进一步促进了ZnO NPs对溶酶体的毒性作用，但对其他指标没有显著影响。此外，ZnO NPs剂量依赖性地增加了THP-1巨噬细胞内的锌离子，PA对此没有显著影响。综上所述，本研究结果表明低水平的PA和ZnO NPs存在联合毒性，尤其是对THP-1巨噬细胞中的溶酶体。
