Prociv P
Int J Parasitol. 1989 Jul;19(4):441-3. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(89)90100-8.
Studies in juvenile Pteropus poliocephalus showed an average daily egg production by Toxocara pteropodis of 25,000 per female, with concentrations of up to 16,000 epg. regardless of whether eggs were fertile or infertile. Production commenced as early as 35 and as late as 48 days post-partum and rose to plateau average levels over about 10 days. For 23 days one bat passed infertile eggs which, over 2 days, were then replaced completely by fertile eggs. The implicit delay in maturation of a male nematode suggests that transmammary passage of larvae to suckling bats may persist for at least 3 weeks. Patency was terminated by the spontaneous expulsion of worms. If male worms were lost first, the egg output converted from fertile to 100% infertile within 48 h and the females were devoid of spermatozoa, suggesting that T. pteropodis copulate at least once daily. In prolonged infections, worm fecundity and egg fertility diminished, so that females with stored spermatozoa were producing mixtures of fertile and infertile eggs.
对幼年灰头狐蝠的研究表明，每只雌性短头弓首蛔虫的平均日产卵量为25,000枚，虫卵浓度高达每克粪便16,000个虫卵（epg），无论虫卵是否受精。产卵最早在产后35天开始，最晚在48天开始，并在约10天内升至平均稳定水平。有一只蝙蝠连续23天产出未受精卵，之后在2天内完全被受精卵取代。雄性线虫成熟的明显延迟表明，幼虫通过母乳传递给哺乳蝙蝠的过程可能至少持续3周。蠕虫会自然排出，从而终止排卵。如果雄虫先消失，那么在48小时内，产卵就会从受精卵转变为100%的未受精卵，且雌虫体内没有精子，这表明短头弓首蛔虫每天至少交配一次。在长期感染中，蠕虫的繁殖力和虫卵的受精率会下降，因此体内储存有精子的雌虫会产出受精卵和未受精卵的混合卵。
