Defining the Symptom Cluster: How Far Have We Come?

OBJECTIVES

To examine the evolution of the concept of the symptom cluster through literature synthesis and identify knowledge gaps.

DATA SOURCES

Published literature.

CONCLUSION

A robust body of research has developed showing that clusters of symptoms can be identified empirically with modest evidence of convergence across methods. The science would benefit from a coordinated effort of qualitative studies to ensure that appropriate symptoms are evaluated; empirical symptom cluster identification studies building upon qualitative work; and subgroup identification studies based on empirically defined symptom clusters.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE

Work is needed to demonstrate the value of symptom cluster identification in guiding symptom assessment and management for cancer patients and survivors.