术后口腔癌患者存在不同的吞咽困难特征。
Distinct Dysphagia Profiles in Patients With Oral Cancer After Surgery.
机构信息
University of Illinois, Chicago.
Christian Medical College, Vellore.
出版信息
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2023 Feb 17;50(2):201-214. doi: 10.1188/23.ONF.201-214.
OBJECTIVES
To determine distinct profiles based on symptom severity in patients undergoing surgery for oral cancer and examine whether these profiles differ by participant characteristics.
SAMPLE & SETTING: 300 patients who underwent surgery for oral cancer at two outpatient clinics between June and December 2021.
METHODS & VARIABLES: Symptoms were assessed using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head and Neck Cancer Module. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Latent profile analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Five distinct dysphagia profiles were identified, which qualitatively differed regarding co-occurrence patterns of dysphagia, mucus-related symptoms, speech disturbances, and psychoneurologic symptoms. Significant differences were reported in interference to function, number of co-occurring symptoms, time since diagnosis and treatment completion, use of symptom management medications, oral cancer stage and site, and treatment completed.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING
Identifying distinct dysphagia profiles can improve patient outcomes and help in planning specific nursing interventions to influence nutritional and functional status in oral cancer survivors. Dysphagia and dry mouth can persist beyond one year post-treatment, so follow-up dysphagia assessments are needed.
目的
根据接受口腔癌手术患者的症状严重程度确定不同的特征，并探讨这些特征是否因参与者的特征而异。
样本和地点
2021 年 6 月至 12 月期间，在两家门诊诊所接受口腔癌手术的 300 名患者。
方法和变量
使用 MD Anderson 症状清单-头颈部癌症模块评估症状。收集社会人口统计学和临床特征。进行潜在剖面分析。
结果
确定了五种不同的吞咽困难特征，这些特征在吞咽困难、黏液相关症状、言语障碍和精神神经症状的同时出现模式方面存在定性差异。在功能障碍、同时出现的症状数量、诊断和治疗完成后的时间、使用症状管理药物、口腔癌的阶段和部位以及治疗完成情况方面，报告了显著差异。
对护理的启示
确定不同的吞咽困难特征可以改善患者的预后，并有助于制定特定的护理干预措施，以影响口腔癌幸存者的营养和功能状态。吞咽困难和口干可能会在治疗后持续一年以上，因此需要进行后续的吞咽困难评估。
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