Longo E, Masellis M, Fondi G, Cedri C, Debbia C, Pitidis A
Italian National Institute of Health, Department of Environment and Health, Rome, Italy.
Euro-Mediterranean Council for Burns and Fire Disasters, Palermo, Italy.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2015 Dec 31;28(4):247-252.
Accidents and burns are a major problem in Italy and in industrialized countries, due to the consequences they have on health, especially in children aged 0-4 years. In Italy, about 400 people die each year from burns, with over 70% of these occurring in the home. In the European Union, burns are one of the top five causes of death from accidents, accounting for 3% of all deaths from accidents and violence in those age groups. One percent of all deaths in children are due to burns. In this paper, we illustrate the results of qualitative analysis, conducted according to the methodology of content analysis, on narratives included in the anamnesis of clinical papers at the ED in 738 cases of burns in children (0-14 years) observed in a sample of Emergency Departments in the years 2005-2009. The results of content analysis show that the most frequent mechanism that leads to burns is contact with hot liquids and heating surfaces. Much of preventive action should be directed at controlling the child. The accidental event descriptions for the younger age group (0-4 years) reveal an unequivocal responsibility of the parents. The qualitative analysis of narratives was carried out to produce scientific evidence to identify the more frequent and severe burn accidents for specific target/age groups and to establish specific preventive measures. The study of qualitative analysis of burns observed at the ED was introductory to the pilot project PRIUS (Preventing burns among school-aged children). The objective of PRIUS is to increase awareness of the risks of burns in children and adults through a learning path tailored towards their prevention, and the promotion of appropriate standards of personal safe behaviour and first aid actions.
在意大利及工业化国家，事故和烧伤是一个重大问题，因为它们会对健康造成影响，尤其是对0至4岁的儿童。在意大利，每年约有400人死于烧伤，其中70%以上发生在家中。在欧盟，烧伤是事故致死的五大主要原因之一，在这些年龄组的所有事故和暴力致死案例中占3%。儿童死亡案例中有1%是由烧伤导致的。在本文中，我们阐述了根据内容分析法，对2005年至2009年期间在一些急诊科样本中观察到的738例儿童（0至14岁）烧伤病例的临床病历中所包含叙述进行定性分析的结果。内容分析结果表明，导致烧伤最常见的机制是接触热液体和加热表面。许多预防措施应针对对儿童的管控。低龄组（0至4岁）的意外事件描述显示出父母有明确的责任。对叙述进行定性分析是为了提供科学依据，以确定特定目标/年龄组中更频繁和严重的烧伤事故，并制定具体的预防措施。对急诊科观察到的烧伤进行定性分析的研究是“PRIUS（预防学龄儿童烧伤）”试点项目的前奏。PRIUS的目标是通过针对烧伤预防量身定制的学习路径，提高儿童和成人对烧伤风险的认识，并推广适当的个人安全行为标准和急救行动。
