Schoenfisch Ashley L, Lipscomb Hester, Sinyai Clayton, Adams Darrin
Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina.
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Am J Ind Med. 2017 Jan;60(1):45-57. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22665. Epub 2016 Oct 25.
Despite the size and breadth of OSHA's Outreach Training program for construction, information on its impact on work-related injury rates is limited.
In a 9-year dynamic cohort of 17,106 union carpenters in Washington State, the effectiveness of OSHA Outreach Training on workers' compensation claims rate was explored. Injury rates were calculated by training status overall and by carpenters' demographic and work characteristics using Poisson regression.
OSHA Outreach Training resulted in a 13% non-significant reduction in injury claims rates overall. The protective effect was more pronounced for carpenters in their apprenticeship years, drywall installers, and with increasing time since training.
In line with these observed effects and prior research, it is unrealistic to expect OSHA Outreach Training alone to have large effects on union construction workers' injury rates. Standard construction industry practice should include hazard awareness and protection training, coupled with more efficient approaches to injury control. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:45-57, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
尽管职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）针对建筑业的推广培训规模大、范围广，但关于其对与工作相关的伤害率影响的信息却很有限。
在华盛顿州17106名工会木匠组成的为期9年的动态队列中，探讨了OSHA推广培训对工人赔偿申请率的有效性。通过总体培训状况以及木匠的人口统计学和工作特征，使用泊松回归计算伤害率。
总体而言，OSHA推广培训使伤害索赔率非显著性降低了13%。对于学徒期的木匠、干墙安装工以及自培训以来时间增加的情况，保护效果更为明显。
根据这些观察到的效果和先前的研究，期望仅靠OSHA推广培训对工会建筑工人的伤害率产生重大影响是不现实的。标准的建筑业做法应包括危险意识和保护培训，以及更有效的伤害控制方法。《美国工业医学杂志》2017年第60卷：45 - 57页。© 2016威利期刊公司。
