Kim Chang-O
Department of Social Welfare, Seoul National University, Gwanak Street 1, Gwank-gu, 151-746, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Int J Equity Health. 2016 Oct 26;15(1):176. doi: 10.1186/s12939-016-0464-z.
This study aimed to evaluate whether social capital could alleviate health inequality against racial discrimination and identify the critical nature of social capital that generates health inequality differences within the social context of South Korea.
Using the data of the 2009 National Survey of Multicultural Families, a nationally representative sample in which 40,430 foreign wives participated, the concentration index (CI) was used to measure the discrimination-related inequalities in self-rated health and was decomposed into contributing factors.
The results showed a significant concentration of poor self-rated health unfavorable to foreign wives who were highly discriminated (CI 0.023, standard error [SE] 0.001, p < .001). However, when the CIs were assessed among the subgroups of different social capital, no discrimination-related inequality in health was observed among the group of linking social capital (CI 0.008, SE 0.008, p .332). The total differential decomposition method showed two major factors that generate differences in health inequality between the groups of non-linking and linking social capital: protest against discrimination (35.8 %); experiences of discrimination (28.3 %).
The present results indicated that linking social capital can be a useful resource of health resilience factor that equalizes discrimination-related health inequality among marriage migrant women in South Korea. This study provides additional evidence that social capital needs to be placed in its political context.
本研究旨在评估社会资本是否能够缓解种族歧视带来的健康不平等，并确定在韩国社会背景下产生健康不平等差异的社会资本的关键性质。
利用2009年全国多元文化家庭调查的数据，该数据为具有全国代表性的样本，有40430名外籍妻子参与，采用集中指数（CI）来衡量自评健康方面与歧视相关的不平等，并将其分解为影响因素。
结果显示，自评健康状况较差显著集中在外籍妻子中，她们受到高度歧视（CI为0.023，标准误[SE]为0.001，p < 0.001）。然而，当在不同社会资本的亚组中评估集中指数时，在具有联系性社会资本的群体中未观察到与歧视相关的健康不平等（CI为0.008，SE为0.008，p = 0.332）。全差异分解法显示，在非联系性和联系性社会资本群体之间产生健康不平等差异的两个主要因素：对歧视的抗议（35.8%）；歧视经历（28.3%）。
目前的结果表明，联系性社会资本可以成为一种有益的健康恢复力因素资源，能使韩国婚姻移民女性中与歧视相关的健康不平等达到均衡。本研究提供了额外证据，表明社会资本需要置于其政治背景中加以考量。
