社区居住老年人营养不良筛查的障碍与促进因素:澳大利亚营养师对调查数据的内容分析
Barriers and enablers to malnutrition screening of community-living older adults: a content analysis of survey data by Australian dietitians.
作者信息
Craven Dana L, Pelly Fiona E, Isenring Elisabeth, Lovell Geoff P
机构信息
School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, ML34, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia.
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Robina, Qld 4226, Australia.
出版信息
Aust J Prim Health. 2017 May;23(2):196-201. doi: 10.1071/PY16054.
Many older adults living in their own homes are at nutrition risk which, left untreated, can lead to the state of malnutrition. To reduce the prevalence of malnutrition among community-living older adults (CLOAs), risk factors should be identified and addressed early via malnutrition screening. The aim of this study was to identify barriers and enablers to malnutrition screening of CLOAs from the perspective of dietitians. Ninety-two dietitians working for government, not-for-profit and private organisations in Australia provided written comments to open-ended survey questions. Textual data were analysed using content analysis, resulting in four key categories of organisational, staff, screening and CLOA factors. Insufficient time to screen and lack of knowledge by non-dietetic staff and CLOAs about malnutrition were identified as the strongest barriers. Organisational factors of screening policy and procedures and the provision of education and training emerged as the strongest enablers. The findings from this study can provide guidance to organisations and healthcare practitioners considering the implementation of routine malnutrition screening of CLOAs. Increased awareness about malnutrition and the associated outcomes may help to reduce nutrition risk among CLOAs.
许多居家生活的老年人面临营养风险,若不加以治疗,可能会导致营养不良状态。为降低社区居住老年人(CLOAs)中营养不良的患病率,应通过营养不良筛查尽早识别并解决风险因素。本研究的目的是从营养师的角度确定CLOAs营养不良筛查的障碍和促进因素。在澳大利亚政府、非营利组织和私人组织工作的92名营养师对开放式调查问题提供了书面意见。使用内容分析法对文本数据进行分析,得出组织、工作人员、筛查和CLOA因素四个关键类别。筛查时间不足以及非营养师工作人员和CLOAs对营养不良缺乏了解被确定为最主要的障碍。筛查政策和程序以及提供教育和培训等组织因素成为最主要的促进因素。本研究的结果可为考虑对CLOAs实施常规营养不良筛查的组织和医疗从业者提供指导。提高对营养不良及其相关后果的认识可能有助于降低CLOAs的营养风险。