Warren D W, Dalston R M, Morr K E, Hairfield W M, Smith L R
Dental Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
J Speech Hear Res. 1989 Sep;32(3):566-75.
Temporal and respiratory responses to a loss of velar resistance were measured in 107 subjects demonstrating varying degrees of velopharyngeal inadequacy. The subject data were compared to data generated by a mechanical model representing a passive system. The pressure-flow technique was used to estimate velopharyngeal orifice size and measure respiratory and temporal characteristics of aerodynamic events associated with the production of the nasal-plosive blend /mp/ in the word "hamper". Subjects were categorized as having adequate closure (less than 0.05 cm2), adequate/borderline closure (0.05-0.09 cm2), borderline/inadequate closure (0.10-0.19 cm2) and inadequate closure (greater than or equal to 0.20 cm2). The data revealed that intraoral pressure fell 10-fold in the model as velopharyngeal orifice area changed from adequate closure to inadequate. The subject data demonstrated only a 1.4-fold drop in pressure. Airflow data indicated that there was a 10-fold increase in respiratory volume in the subject data corresponding to the change from adequacy to inadequacy. When respiratory and temporal responses were assessed together, the findings revealed that airflow and temporal changes minimized the fall of pressure as velar resistance declined across groups.
在107名表现出不同程度腭咽功能不全的受试者中，测量了对腭部阻力丧失的时间和呼吸反应。将受试者的数据与一个代表被动系统的机械模型生成的数据进行了比较。采用压力-流量技术来估计腭咽口大小，并测量与单词“hamper”中鼻爆破音组合/mp/产生相关的空气动力学事件的呼吸和时间特征。受试者被分类为具有足够闭合（小于0.05平方厘米）、足够/临界闭合（0.05 - 0.09平方厘米）、临界/不足闭合（0.10 - 0.19平方厘米）和不足闭合（大于或等于0.20平方厘米）。数据显示，随着腭咽口面积从足够闭合变为不足闭合，模型中的口腔内压力下降了10倍。受试者的数据显示压力仅下降了1.4倍。气流数据表明，受试者数据中呼吸量随着从足够到不足的变化增加了10倍。当一起评估呼吸和时间反应时，研究结果表明，随着腭部阻力在各组中下降，气流和时间变化使压力下降最小化。
