Horch Raymund E, Weigand Annika, Beier Justus P, Arkudas Andreas, Boos Anja M
Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg FAU, Krankenhausstrasse 12, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;913:139-147. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-1061-3_9.
Despite recent advances in surgery, medicine and anaesthesiology as well as the development of microsurgical tissue transplantation, wear out of body parts remains a problem, and organ shortage does not allow to allocate enough donor organs for patients with vital diseases and conditions. The idea to create spare parts or spare organs from the patients own cells by combining engineering approaches to cellular and molecular medicine for th purpose of Tissue Engineering (TE) was fascinating when popularized in the early 1990ies. However clinically success was limited, mainly because of a lack in rapid vascularization of large scale TE replacement constructs useful for clinical purposes. The idea to utilize cells and cytokines to aid the human organism in gradually restoring lost tissue functions has drawn attention to the wider field of Regenerative Medicine (RM). Stem cells and putative stem cells, such as the recently discovered and meanwhile well described interstitial Telocytes, which are comprised of extremely long and thin prolongations named telopodes, may well become active players in the regenerative process. This article highlights the principles of TE and RM and the potential role of Telocytes with regard to tissue regeneration.
尽管近年来外科手术、医学和麻醉学取得了进展，以及显微外科组织移植技术得到了发展，但身体部位的磨损仍然是一个问题，而且器官短缺使得无法为患有严重疾病和病症的患者分配足够的供体器官。20世纪90年代初，通过将细胞和分子医学的工程方法相结合，从患者自身细胞中制造备用零件或备用器官以用于组织工程（TE）的想法一经推广便令人着迷。然而，临床成功有限，主要是因为缺乏可用于临床目的的大规模TE替代构建体的快速血管化。利用细胞和细胞因子帮助人体逐渐恢复丧失的组织功能的想法，已将人们的注意力吸引到了再生医学（RM）这一更广泛的领域。干细胞和假定的干细胞，如最近发现并已得到充分描述的间质telocytes，它们由名为telopodes的极长且细的延伸部分组成，很可能会成为再生过程中的活跃参与者。本文重点介绍了TE和RM的原理以及telocytes在组织再生方面的潜在作用。
