Kong Xiangduo, Ball Alexander R, Yokomori Kyoko
Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, 240D Med. Sci I, Irvine, CA, 92697-1700, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1515:227-242. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6545-8_14.
In addition to their mitotic and transcriptional functions, cohesin plays critical roles in DNA damage response (DDR) and repair. Specifically, cohesin promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which is conserved from yeast to humans, and is a critical effector of ATM/ATR DDR kinase-mediated checkpoint control in mammalian cells. Optical laser microirradiation has been instrumental in revealing the damage site-specific functions of cohesin and, more recently, uncovering the unique role of cohesin-SA2, one of the two cohesin complexes uniquely present in higher eukaryotes, in DNA repair in human cells. In this review, we briefly describe what we know about cohesin function and regulation in response to DNA damage, and discuss the optimized laser microirradiation conditions used to analyze cohesin responses to DNA damage in vivo.
除了其有丝分裂和转录功能外，黏连蛋白在DNA损伤应答（DDR）和修复中发挥关键作用。具体而言，黏连蛋白促进DNA双链断裂（DSB）的同源重组（HR）修复，这种修复从酵母到人类都是保守的，并且是哺乳动物细胞中ATM/ATR DDR激酶介导的检查点控制的关键效应因子。光学激光微照射有助于揭示黏连蛋白的损伤位点特异性功能，并且最近还揭示了黏连蛋白-SA2（高等真核生物中独特存在的两种黏连蛋白复合物之一）在人类细胞DNA修复中的独特作用。在这篇综述中，我们简要描述了我们所了解的黏连蛋白在应对DNA损伤时的功能和调控，并讨论了用于分析体内黏连蛋白对DNA损伤反应的优化激光微照射条件。
