School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University.
Resiliency Center.
Psychol Trauma. 2017 Aug;9(Suppl 1):122-129. doi: 10.1037/tra0000209. Epub 2016 Oct 31.
This study explored the behavioral and emotional adjustment of Israeli school-age children who are exposed to political violence. Based on Bronfenbrenner's (1986) ecological model and ecological model of psychosocial trauma (Harvey, 2007), we examined the direct contribution of exposure, gender, maternal characteristics (mother's posttraumatic stress symptoms [PTSS], maternal care and maternal control), and community type (development town vs. kibbutz), to school-age children's adjustment. In addition, we examined whether maternal characteristics and community type moderated the association between exposure and adjustment.
There were 121 mother-child dyads from the development town of Sderot (n = 62) and from the surrounding kibbutzim (n = 58) participated.
Revealed that being a boy, living in Sderot, and mothers' higher PTSS, contributed directly to children's total difficulties (i.e., externalizing and internalizing problems), and that maternal control moderated the association between personal exposure and children's total difficulties. Furthermore, being a girl and mother's higher PTSS and higher maternal control contributed directly to children's PTSS. Mother's PTSS moderated the association between personal exposure and children's PTSS. Maternal care was not associated with children's adjustment.
Both the child's gender and the type of community in which he or she lives are associated with maternal distress and children's adjustment to political violence. (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究探讨了暴露于政治暴力环境下的以色列学龄儿童的行为和情绪调整。基于 Bronfenbrenner（1986）的生态模型和心理社会创伤的生态模型（Harvey，2007），我们考察了暴露、性别、母亲特征（母亲创伤后应激症状 [PTSS]、母亲关怀和母亲控制）和社区类型（发展城镇与基布兹）对学龄儿童调整的直接贡献。此外，我们还考察了母亲特征和社区类型是否调节了暴露与调整之间的关系。
共有来自斯德洛特发展城镇（n = 62）和周围基布兹（n = 58）的 121 对母子参与。
结果表明，男孩、居住在斯德洛特以及母亲更高的 PTSS 直接导致儿童总困难（即外化和内化问题），而母亲控制调节了个人暴露与儿童总困难之间的关系。此外，女孩和母亲更高的 PTSS 和更高的母亲控制直接导致儿童的 PTSS。母亲的 PTSS 调节了个人暴露与儿童的 PTSS 之间的关系。母亲关怀与儿童的适应无关。
儿童的性别和他或她生活的社区类型都与母亲的痛苦和儿童对政治暴力的适应有关。
