Braun Tosca D, Park Crystal L, Gorin Amy A, Garivaltis Hilary, Noggle Jessica J, Conboy Lisa A
1. University of Connecticut, Department of Psychology, Storrs, CT.
2. Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA.
Int J Yoga Therap. 2016 Jan;26(1):55-72. doi: 10.17761/1531-2054-26.1.55.
Overweight/obesity is a pressing international health concern and conventional treatments demonstrate poor long-term efficacy. Preliminary evidence suggests yoga and Ayurveda may be promising approaches, although recent NHIS estimates indicate rare utilization of Ayurveda in the US. Group-based curricula that integrate yoga and Ayurveda-inspired principles to attenuate overweight and obesity across individuals may prove a feasible, disseminable clinical adjunct to facilitate psychosocial health and weight loss and/or maintenance.
Determine feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a ten-week yoga - based, Ayurveda-inspired weight management curriculum (YWL) piloted in female yoga practitioners (Study 1) then refined and tailored for yoga naïves (Study 2), on self-reported psychosocial process variables and % of self-reported total body weight loss (%TBWL).
Study 1 enrolled 22 yoga-experienced women (48.2 ± 14.3 years, BMI 30.8 ± 4.2 kg/m2) in a 10-week yoga-based program (YWL-YE). Study 2 enrolled 21 yoga- naïve women (49.4 ± 10.7 years, BMI 35.5 ± 6.8 kg/m2) in a revised 10-week program (YWL-YN). Self-reported weight and self-ratings of mindful eating behavior, body image disturbance, weight loss self-efficacy, body awareness, and self-compassion were collected at baseline, post-treatment (T2), and 3-month follow- up (T3).
YWL curricula was feasible in both studies. While attrition rates for both studies favorably compared to other weight management studies, attrition was higher for YWL-YN (28.6%) than YWL-YE (18.2%). In both studies, self-reported process variables and self-reported % TBWL changed in hypothesized directions at T2 and evidenced greater improvement at T3; effect sizes across all process variables were medium (-0.4) to large (-1.8). % TBWL reached clinical significance (>5%) only at T3 for the YWL-YE group.
The YWL curricula employed here appear to improve psychosocial health among both overweight/obese yoga-experienced and yoga- naïve women. Results must be interpreted with caution due to study design, self-report assessments, and other limitations. Nonetheless, hypotheses are generated for future investigation.
超重/肥胖是一个紧迫的国际健康问题，传统治疗方法显示出较差的长期疗效。初步证据表明，瑜伽和阿育吠陀可能是有前景的方法，尽管最近美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的估计表明阿育吠陀在美国的使用率很低。将瑜伽和受阿育吠陀启发的原则整合在一起的团体课程，以减轻个体的超重和肥胖，可能是一种可行的、可传播的临床辅助手段，有助于促进心理社会健康以及减肥和/或维持体重。
确定一项为期十周的以瑜伽为基础、受阿育吠陀启发的体重管理课程（YWL）的可行性和初步有效性。该课程先在有瑜伽练习经验的女性中进行试点（研究1），然后针对没有瑜伽经验的人进行改进和调整（研究2），观察其对自我报告的心理社会过程变量和自我报告的全身体重减轻百分比（%TBWL）的影响。
研究1招募了22名有瑜伽经验的女性（年龄48.2±14.3岁，BMI 30.8±4.2kg/m²）参加为期10周的基于瑜伽的项目（YWL-YE）。研究2招募了21名没有瑜伽经验的女性（年龄49.4±10.7岁，BMI 35.5±6.8kg/m²）参加修订后的为期10周的项目（YWL-YN）。在基线、治疗后（T2）和3个月随访（T3）时收集自我报告的体重以及对正念饮食行为、身体形象困扰、减肥自我效能感、身体意识和自我同情的自我评分。
YWL课程在两项研究中都是可行的。虽然两项研究的损耗率与其他体重管理研究相比情况较好，但YWL-YN组的损耗率（28.6%）高于YWL-YE组（18.2%）。在两项研究中，自我报告的过程变量和自我报告的%TBWL在T2时朝着假设的方向变化，并在T3时显示出更大的改善；所有过程变量的效应大小为中等（-0.4）到较大（-1.8）。只有YWL-YE组的%TBWL在T3时达到了临床显著性（>5%）。
这里采用的YWL课程似乎能改善超重/肥胖的有瑜伽经验和没有瑜伽经验的女性的心理社会健康。由于研究设计、自我报告评估和其他局限性，结果必须谨慎解释。尽管如此，还是为未来的研究提出了假设。
