Messner Steven F, Liu Jianhong, Zhao Yunhan
1 University at Albany, State University of New York, USA.
2 University of Macau, Taipa, China.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2018 Mar;62(4):1018-1042. doi: 10.1177/0306624X16669142. Epub 2016 Oct 30.
Studies have revealed that self-control theory, social learning theory, and strain theory are useful in explaining criminal activity in China. Previous research with Chinese data, however, has focused almost exclusively on samples of adolescents and the minor types of offending that are typically captured in such samples. The present study builds upon prior work by considering the extent to which these three major etiological theories of crime can help differentiate between profiles of Chinese prisoners categorized with respect to re-incarceration status. Specifically, we derive hypotheses that predict prisoners' status as first-time inmates or inmates with multiple incarcerations. These hypotheses are assessed with recently collected data for a sample of approximately 1,800 prisoners in Southern China. The results reveal that indicators of peer criminality, low self-control, and negative emotions (a theorized outcome of experiences of strain) are all positively associated with re-incarceration status.
研究表明，自我控制理论、社会学习理论和紧张理论有助于解释中国的犯罪活动。然而，此前对中国数据的研究几乎完全集中在青少年样本以及这类样本中通常出现的轻微犯罪类型上。本研究在先前工作的基础上，考察这三种主要犯罪成因理论在多大程度上有助于区分根据再监禁状况分类的中国囚犯的特征。具体而言，我们提出了一些假设，预测囚犯是初犯还是多次入狱的囚犯。我们用最近收集的中国南方约1800名囚犯样本的数据对这些假设进行了评估。结果显示，同伴犯罪、低自我控制和负面情绪（一种理论上的紧张经历结果）指标都与再监禁状况呈正相关。
