Bowersock Collin D, Willy Richard W, DeVita Paul, Willson John D
a Department of Kinesiology , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA.
b Department of Physical Therapy , East Carolina University , Greenville , NC , USA.
J Sports Sci. 2017 Oct;35(20):2005-2013. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1249904. Epub 2016 Nov 1.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of step length and foot strike pattern along with their interaction on tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) and medial compartment TFJ kinetics during running. Nineteen participants ran with a rear foot strike pattern at their preferred speed using a short (-10%), preferred, and long (+10%) step length. These step length conditions were then repeated using a forefoot strike pattern. Regardless of foot strike pattern, a 10% shorter step length resulted in decreased peak contact force, force impulse per step, force impulse per kilometre, and average loading rate at the TFJ and medial compartment, while a 10% increased step length had the opposite effects (all P < 0.05). A forefoot strike pattern significantly lowered TFJ and medial compartment TFJ average loading rates compared with a rear foot strike pattern (both <0.05) but did not change TFJ or medial compartment peak force, force impulse per step, or force impulse per km. The combination of a shorter step length and forefoot strike pattern produced the greatest reduction in peak medial compartment contact force (P < 0.05). Knowledge of these running modification effects may be relevant to the management or prevention of TFJ injury or pathology among runners.
本研究的目的是探讨步长和着地方式及其相互作用对跑步过程中胫股关节（TFJ）和内侧胫股关节动力学的影响。19名参与者以他们偏好的速度采用后足着地方式跑步，步长分别为短步长（-10%）、正常步长和长步长（+10%）。然后采用前足着地方式重复这些步长条件。无论着地方式如何，步长缩短10%会导致TFJ和内侧胫股关节处的峰值接触力、每步力冲量、每千米力冲量以及平均负荷率降低，而步长增加10%则会产生相反的效果（所有P<0.05）。与后足着地方式相比，前足着地方式显著降低了TFJ和内侧胫股关节的平均负荷率（均<0.05），但并未改变TFJ或内侧胫股关节的峰值力、每步力冲量或每千米力冲量。较短步长和前足着地方式的组合使内侧胫股关节峰值接触力降低幅度最大（P<0.05）。了解这些跑步方式改变的影响可能与跑步者中TFJ损伤或病变的管理或预防有关。
