Van der Berg-Cloete Sophy E, Snyman Lorraine, Postma Thomas C, White John G
Dr. Van der Berg-Cloete is Chairperson, Comprehensive Patient Management, Department of Dental Management Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Dr. Snyman is Dentist and Senior Lecturer, Department of Dental Management Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa; Dr. Postma is Dentist and Senior Lecturer, Department of Dental Management Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa; and Prof. White is Head, Department of Dental Management Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J Dent Educ. 2016 Nov;80(11):1357-1367.
Recent developmental frameworks suggest that dental curricula should focus on developing nonclinical skills in dental students. The aim of this study was to qualitatively map students' perceptions of the most important nonclinical skills against the Medical Leadership Competency Framework (MLCF). A representative sample of second- to fifth-year students (n=594; overall response rate 69%) from all four dental schools in South Africa participated in a cross-sectional survey in 2014-15 enquiring about nonclinical skills and dental practice management. One of the questions required students to list the four most important nonclinical skills required for a dentist. Students (n=541) most frequently noted competencies related to working with others (97.9%), personal qualities (72.3%), and managing services (42.9%) as the most important nonclinical skills. Very few students mentioned competencies related to the improvement of services (14.1%) and the provision of strategic direction (10.9%). The students' attention appeared to be on nonclinical skills generally required for clinical care with some realization of the importance of managing services, indicating a need for a stronger focus on leadership and management training in dental schools in South Africa. The results also helped to unravel some of the conceptual ambiguity of the MLCF and highlight opportunities for leadership research using the MLCF as a conceptual framework.
近期的发展框架表明，牙科课程应注重培养牙科学生的非临床技能。本研究的目的是根据医学领导力能力框架（MLCF），定性地梳理学生对最重要的非临床技能的看法。2014 - 15年，来自南非所有四所牙科学院的二至五年级学生的代表性样本（n = 594；总体回复率69%）参与了一项横断面调查，询问有关非临床技能和牙科实践管理的情况。其中一个问题要求学生列出牙医所需的四项最重要的非临床技能。学生（n = 541）最常提到的能力与团队协作（97.9%）、个人素质（72.3%）和服务管理（42.9%）相关，认为这些是最重要的非临床技能。很少有学生提到与服务改进（14.1%）和战略方向提供（10.9%）相关的能力。学生的注意力似乎集中在临床护理通常所需的非临床技能上，同时也认识到服务管理的重要性，这表明南非牙科学院需要更加强调领导力和管理培训。研究结果还有助于厘清MLCF的一些概念模糊性，并突出以MLCF作为概念框架进行领导力研究的机会。
