Wang Ting, Jiao Wei-wei, Shen A-dong
Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
Yi Chuan. 2016 Oct 20;38(10):910-917. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.16-111.
The occurance and prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis poses a serious threat to the global tuberculosis control. Ethambutol (EMB) is one of the first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, which is usually used in combination with isoniazid and rifampicin for treating pan-sensitive tuberculosis, and it can also be used in drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, the situation of EMB resistance is alarmingly high, especially in multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. In China, EMB resistance rate in the previously treated cases was up to 17.2% and showed an increased tendency. What was worse, 51.3%-66.7% of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases were resistant to EMB. Thus, it is important to understand the drug resistance mechanism of EMB, which will help to slow down the drug resistance rate of EMB. In this review, we focus on the current status of EMB resistance, the effects of EMB and the mechanisms of EMB resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
耐多药结核病的发生和流行对全球结核病控制构成严重威胁。乙胺丁醇（EMB）是一线抗结核药物之一，通常与异烟肼和利福平联合用于治疗泛敏感结核病，也可用于耐药结核病。然而，EMB耐药情况高得惊人，尤其是在耐多药结核病中。在中国，既往治疗病例中的EMB耐药率高达17.2%，且呈上升趋势。更糟糕的是，51.3%-66.7%的耐多药结核病例对EMB耐药。因此，了解EMB的耐药机制很重要，这将有助于减缓EMB的耐药率。在本综述中，我们重点关注EMB耐药的现状、EMB的作用以及结核分枝杆菌中EMB耐药的机制。
