Germain M A, Trotoux J
Service de Chirurgie, Hôpital de Nanterre, Paris.
Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac. 1989;106(5):351-3.
The principle of prefabricated transplants consists in the manufacturing of compound transplants complete with a vascular pedicle containing an artery, a vein, a muscle and its nerve, some cell tissue, bone tissue, cartilage, periosteum and innerved skin. This transplant is constructed and modeled in accordance with its intended use, around the preselected vascular pedicle, whence the term prefabricated. Neovascularization revascularizes these different structures. The free transplants together with their vasculonervous pedicles are excised five weeks after manufacture and then transplanted to the recipient site. Experimentally, we grafted 15 free prefabricated transplants in Wistar rats. One failure was observed due to thrombosis of the anastomoses. Experimental data from macroscopic, arteriographic, microangiographic, and histological examinations, with injection of a staining material, show that neovascularization develops at the level of the transplant. The emphasis is on creating free transplants selectively using various tissues and selected vascular pedicles. These transplants constitute a useful prospective alternative for very elaborate reconstructive surgery.
预制移植的原理在于制造复合移植体，该移植体配有包含动脉、静脉、肌肉及其神经、一些细胞组织、骨组织、软骨、骨膜和带神经支配皮肤的血管蒂。这种移植体根据其预期用途，围绕预先选定的血管蒂构建并塑形，因此有了“预制”这个术语。新生血管形成使这些不同结构重新获得血供。制成后五周，将带有血管神经蒂的游离移植体切除，然后移植到受体部位。在实验中，我们在Wistar大鼠身上移植了15个游离预制移植体。观察到1例因吻合口血栓形成而失败。宏观、动脉造影、微血管造影和组织学检查的实验数据，以及注射染色材料后的结果表明，移植体部位出现了新生血管形成。重点在于利用各种组织和选定的血管蒂选择性地制造游离移植体。这些移植体为非常精细的重建手术提供了一种有用的前瞻性替代方案。
