1 The University of Hong Kong.
2 University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2017 Jan;43(1):17-32. doi: 10.1177/0146167216673351. Epub 2016 Nov 18.
Evaluative conditioning (EC) is defined as the change in the evaluation of a conditioned stimulus (CS) due to its pairing with a valenced unconditioned stimulus (US). According to propositional accounts, EC effects should be qualified by the relation between the CS and the US. Dual-process accounts suggest that relational information should qualify EC effects on explicit evaluations, whereas implicit evaluations should reflect the frequency of CS-US co-occurrences. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that, when relational information was provided before the encoding of CS-US pairings, it moderated EC effects on explicit, but not implicit, evaluations. In Experiment 3, relational information moderated EC effects on both explicit and implicit evaluations when it was provided simultaneously with CS-US pairings. Frequency of CS-US pairings had no effect on implicit evaluations. Although the results can be reconciled with both propositional and dual-process accounts, they are more parsimoniously explained by propositional accounts.
评价性条件作用（EC）被定义为由于条件刺激（CS）与有价值的非条件刺激（US）的配对而导致对 CS 的评价发生变化。根据命题性解释，EC 效应应该由 CS 和 US 之间的关系来限定。双过程解释表明，关系信息应该限定 EC 效应对明确评价的影响，而对隐含评价的影响应该反映 CS-US 共同出现的频率。实验 1 和 2 表明，当在 CS-US 配对的编码之前提供关系信息时，它会调节对明确评价的 EC 效应，但不会调节对隐含评价的 EC 效应。在实验 3 中，当同时提供 CS-US 配对和关系信息时，关系信息会调节对明确和隐含评价的 EC 效应。CS-US 配对的频率对隐含评价没有影响。虽然这些结果可以与命题性和双过程解释相协调，但它们更简洁地用命题性解释来解释。
