Di Lullo Luca, Bellasi Antonio, Russo Domenico, Cozzolino Mario, Ronco Claudio
Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, L. Parodi-Delfino Hospital, Colleferro, (Rome), Italy.
Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy.
Int J Cardiol. 2017 Jan 15;227:143-150. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.156. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
Cardiovascular disease and major cardiovascular events represent main cause of death in both acute and chronic kidney disease patients. Kidney and heart failure are common and frequently co-exist; this organ - organ interaction, also called organ cross-talk led to well-known definition of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Here we'll describe cardiovascular involvement in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Also known as type-3 CRS or acute reno-cardiac CRS, it occurs when AKI contributes and/or precipitates development of acute cardiac injury. AKI may directly or indirectly produce an acute cardiac event and it can be associated to volume overload, metabolic acidosis and electrolytes disorders such as hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia; coronary artery disease, left ventricular dysfunction and fibrosis have been also described in patients with AKI with consequent direct negative effects on cardiac performance.
心血管疾病和主要心血管事件是急性和慢性肾脏病患者的主要死因。肾衰和心衰很常见且经常并存；这种器官与器官之间的相互作用，也称为器官串扰，导致了心肾综合征（CRS）这一广为人知的定义。在此我们将描述急性肾损伤（AKI）患者的心血管受累情况。它也被称为3型CRS或急性肾心CRS，当AKI促成和/或引发急性心脏损伤的发生时就会出现。AKI可能直接或间接引发急性心脏事件，并且它可能与容量超负荷、代谢性酸中毒以及高钾血症和低钙血症等电解质紊乱有关；AKI患者中也有冠状动脉疾病、左心室功能障碍和纤维化的报道，这些都会对心脏功能产生直接的负面影响。
