Foster Robert, Gilerson Alexander
Appl Opt. 2016 Nov 20;55(33):9476-9494. doi: 10.1364/AO.55.009476.
A method is developed to determine the underwater polarized light field from above sea surface observations. A hybrid approach combining vector radiative transfer simulations and the Monte Carlo method is used to determine the transfer functions of polarized light for wind-driven ocean surfaces. Transfer functions for surface-reflected skylight and upward transmission of light through the sea surface are presented for many common viewing and solar geometries for clear-sky conditions. Sensitivity of reflection matrices to environmental conditions is examined and can vary up to 50% due to wind speed, 25% due to atmospheric aerosol load, and 10% due to radiometer field-of-view. Scalar transmission is largely independent of water type and varies a few percent with wind speed, while polarized components can change up to 10% in high winds. Considerations for determining the water-leaving radiance (scalar or vector) are discussed.
开发了一种从海面上方观测确定水下偏振光场的方法。采用矢量辐射传输模拟和蒙特卡罗方法相结合的混合方法来确定风驱动海洋表面的偏振光传递函数。给出了晴空条件下许多常见观测和太阳几何构型的表面反射天光和光通过海面向上传输的传递函数。研究了反射矩阵对环境条件的敏感性，由于风速，其变化可达50%；由于大气气溶胶负荷，变化可达25%；由于辐射计视场，变化可达10%。标量传输在很大程度上与水的类型无关，随风速变化百分之几，而偏振分量在大风中变化可达10%。讨论了确定离水辐射率（标量或矢量）的注意事项。
