Lindahl Norberg Annika, Montgomery Scott M, Bottai Matteo, Heyman Mats, Hovén Emma I
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cancer. 2017 Apr 1;123(7):1238-1248. doi: 10.1002/cncr.30436. Epub 2016 Nov 21.
There is insufficient knowledge regarding the economic impact of childhood cancer on parents. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the short-term and long-term effects of childhood cancer on mothers' and fathers' income from employment and employment status.
The study sample consisted of the parents of children diagnosed with cancer from 2004 to 2009 in Sweden (3626 parents of 1899 children). Annual register data concerning income from employment and employment status (employed/not employed) were retrieved from the Longitudinal Integration Database for Health Insurance and Labor Market Studies. Using generalized linear models, the mean income from employment and employment status were compared with a matched control cohort of 34,874 parents sampled from the general population.
Parents' income was found to decrease significantly after the child's cancer diagnosis. The effect was most pronounced for mothers, whose income was reduced for 6 years after diagnosis, whereas fathers' income was similar to that of control fathers 3 years after the diagnosis. Mothers were more likely to stop working after a child's cancer diagnosis compared with controls. No association was found for fathers' employment status. Younger age of parents; lower level of education; and, among mothers, being born outside of Sweden were found to be associated with more adverse effects on income.
Parents' income from employment and employment status appear to be adversely affected by having a child with cancer. Socioeconomic consequences are not distributed equally: the income of fathers appears to catch up after a few years, whereas mothers tend to be disadvantaged in their professional life for several years after a child's cancer diagnosis. Cancer 2017;123:1238-1248. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
关于儿童癌症对父母的经济影响,我们了解不足。本研究的目的是调查儿童癌症对母亲和父亲就业收入及就业状况的短期和长期影响。
研究样本包括2004年至2009年在瑞典被诊断患有癌症儿童的父母(1899名儿童的3626名父母)。从健康保险和劳动力市场研究纵向整合数据库中检索有关就业收入和就业状况(就业/未就业)的年度登记数据。使用广义线性模型,将就业收入均值和就业状况与从普通人群中抽取的34874名父母的匹配对照组进行比较。
发现儿童癌症诊断后父母的收入显著下降。这种影响在母亲中最为明显,其收入在诊断后6年减少,而父亲的收入在诊断后3年与对照父亲相似。与对照组相比,母亲在孩子癌症诊断后更有可能停止工作。未发现父亲就业状况存在关联。父母年龄较小、教育水平较低以及母亲出生在瑞典境外被发现与对收入的更不利影响有关。
有患癌症的孩子似乎会对父母的就业收入和就业状况产生不利影响。社会经济后果分布不均:父亲的收入似乎在几年后会赶上,而母亲在孩子癌症诊断后的几年里在职业生涯中往往处于不利地位。《癌症》2017年;123:1238 - 1248。©2016美国癌症协会。