Rocha Gregorio, Alda Fernando, Pagés Albert, Merchán Tomás
Agroforestry Department, University of Extremadura, Avda. Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia, Cáceres, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Louisiana State University, Museum of Natural Science, 119 Foster Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Infect Genet Evol. 2017 Jan;47:94-98. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.11.016. Epub 2016 Nov 19.
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a highly lethal and contagious viral disease that produces haemorrhagic lesions in liver and lungs of domestic and wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). This study investigates the transmission of RHDV from infected rabbits to mice, based on the detection of viral RNA. Sixteen wild mice (Mus spretus, n=12 and Apodemus sylvaticus, n=4) were put in contact with nine rabbits inoculated with RHDV. No mice died following exposure to RHDV-infected rabbits or developed macroscopic haemorrhagic lesions. On the fourth day of contact, RHDV was detected by RT-PCR in the faeces of three of the four mice killed and in the livers of two of them. Three days after contact period with the inoculated rabbits (7th day of the experiment), RHDV was detected by RT-PCR in 100% (n=4) of the faeces and 50% (n=2) of the livers of euthanized animals. Ten days after contact period (14th day of the experiment), RHDV was not detected in the faeces or liver from any of the mice euthanized. However, 64days after contact period, RHDV was detected in the faeces of one mouse (1 of 4). We demonstrate cross-species transmission of RHDV-RNA from rabbit to rodent and the capability of RHDV-RNA to persist in mice for at least 10days after contact, and potentially up to two months, although viral replication within the rodent and/or infectivity was not evaluated in the present study.
兔出血性疾病（RHD）是一种极具致死性和传染性的病毒性疾病，可在家兔和野兔（穴兔）的肝脏和肺部产生出血性病变。本研究基于病毒RNA的检测，调查了兔出血症病毒（RHDV）从感染兔向小鼠的传播情况。将16只野生小鼠（12只西班牙小鼠和4只小林姬鼠）与9只接种了RHDV的兔子接触。接触感染RHDV的兔子后，没有小鼠死亡，也没有出现肉眼可见的出血性病变。在接触的第四天，通过RT-PCR在处死的4只小鼠中的3只的粪便以及其中2只的肝脏中检测到了RHDV。在与接种兔子的接触期结束3天后（实验第7天），通过RT-PCR在全部处死动物（n = 4）的粪便中以及50%（n = 2）的肝脏中检测到了RHDV。接触期结束10天后（实验第14天），在任何一只处死小鼠的粪便或肝脏中均未检测到RHDV。然而，接触期结束64天后，在一只小鼠（4只中的1只）的粪便中检测到了RHDV。我们证明了RHDV-RNA从兔到啮齿动物的跨物种传播，以及RHDV-RNA在接触后能够在小鼠体内持续存在至少10天，甚至可能长达两个月，尽管在本研究中未评估该病毒在啮齿动物体内的复制和/或传染性。
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